The global burden of disease attributable to alcohol and drug use in 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

被引：1052

作者：

Degenhardt, Louisa ^{[1
]}

Charlson, Fiona ^{[2
]}

Ferrari, Alize ^{[2
]}

Santomauro, Damian ^{[2
]}

Erskine, Holly ^{[2
]}

Mantilla-Herrara, Ana ^{[2
]}

Whiteford, Harvey ^{[2
]}

Leung, Janni ^{[1
]}

Naghavi, Mohsen ^{[3
]}

Griswold, Max ^{[3
]}

Rehm, Juergen ^{[4
]}

Hall, Wayne ^{[2
]}

Sartorius, Benn ^{[5
]}

Scott, James ^{[2
]}

Vollset, Stein Emil ^{[6
]}

Knudsen, Ann Kristin ^{[6
]}

Haro, Josep Maria ^{[7
]}

Patton, George ^{[8
]}

Kopec, Jacek ^{[9
]}

Malta, Deborah Carvalho ^{[10
]}

Topor-Madry, Roman ^{[11
]}

McGrath, John ^{[2
]}

Haagsma, Juanita ^{[12
]}

Allebeck, Peter ^{[13
]}

Phillips, Michael ^{[14
]}

Salomon, Joshua ^{[15
]}

Hay, Simon ^{[3
]}

Foreman, Kyle ^{[3
]}

Lim, Stephen ^{[3
]}

Mokdad, Ali ^{[3
]}

Smith, Mari ^{[3
]}

Gakidou, Emmanuela ^{[3
]}

Murray, Christopher ^{[3
]}

Vos, Theo ^{[3
]}

机构：

[1] Univ New South Wales, Natl Drug & Alcohol Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia

[2] Univ Queensland, Queensland Ctr Mental Hlth Res, Brisbane, Qld, Australia

[3] Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaulat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

[4] Ctr Addict & Mental Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada

[5] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa

[6] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Oslo, Norway

[7] Parc Sanitari St Joan de Deu CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain

[8] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

[9] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

[10] Minist Saude Brasil, Brasilia, DF, Brazil

[11] Jagiellonian Univ, Med Coll, Krakow, Poland

[12] Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Rotterdam, Netherlands

[13] Karolinska Inst, Solna, Sweden

[14] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai, Peoples R China

[15] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

来源：

LANCET PSYCHIATRY | 2018年 / 5卷 / 12期

基金：

比尔及梅琳达.盖茨基金会; 英国医学研究理事会;

关键词：

NATIONAL EPIDEMIOLOGIC SURVEY; HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; USE DISORDERS; DISABILITY WEIGHTS; INJECT DRUGS; DIFFERENT DIMENSIONS; DSM-IV; PEOPLE; HEALTH; DEPENDENCE;

D O I：

10.1016/S2215-0366(18)30337-7

中图分类号：

R749 [精神病学];

学科分类号：

100205 ;

摘要：

Background Alcohol and drug use can have negative consequences on the health, economy, productivity, and social aspects of communities. We aimed to use data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2016 to calculate global and regional estimates of the prevalence of alcohol, amphetamine, cannabis, cocaine, and opioid dependence, and to estimate global disease burden attributable to alcohol and drug use between 1990 and 2016, and for 195 countries and territories within 21 regions, and within seven super-regions. We also aimed to examine the association between disease burden and Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintiles. Methods We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and PsycINFO databases for original epidemiological studies on alcohol and drug use published between Jan 1, 1980, and Sept 7, 2016, without language restrictions, and used DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool, to estimate population-level prevalence of substance use disorders. We combined these estimates with disability weights to calculate years of life lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 1990-2016. We also used a comparative assessment approach to estimate burden attributable to alcohol and drug use as risk factors for other health outcomes. Findings Globally, alcohol use disorders were the most prevalent of all substance use disorders, with 100 . 4 million estimated cases in 2016 (age-standardised prevalence 1320 . 8 cases per 100 000 people, 95% uncertainty interval [95% UI] 1181 . 2-1468 . 0). The most common drug use disorders were cannabis dependence (22 . 1 million cases; age-standardised prevalence 289 . 7 cases per 100 000 people, 95% UI 248 . 9-339 . 1) and opioid dependence (26 . 8 million cases; agestandardised prevalence 353 . 0 cases per 100 000 people, 309 . 9-405 . 9). Globally, in 2016, 99 . 2 million DALYs (95% UI 88 . 3-111 . 2) and 4 . 2% of all DALYs (3 . 7-4 . 6) were attributable to alcohol use, and 31 . 8 million DALYs (27 . 4-36 . 6) and 1 . 3% of all DALYs (1 . 2-1 . 5) were attributable to drug use as a risk factor. The burden of disease attributable to alcohol and drug use varied substantially across geographical locations, and much of this burden was due to the effect of substance use on other health outcomes. Contrasting patterns were observed for the association between total alcohol and drug-attributable burden and SDI: alcohol-attributable burden was highest in countries with a low SDI and middlehigh middle SDI, whereas the burden due to drugs increased with higher SDI level. Interpretation Alcohol and drug use are important contributors to global disease burden. Effective interventions should be scaled up to prevent and reduce substance use disease burden.Copyright (C) 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.

引用

页码：987 / 1012

页数：26

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