The "CIV Classification," a New Proposal for the Architectural Grading of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus

Objectives The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to prepare a reliable and easy-to-use architectural classification for vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) aimed at defining the morphological patterns of this condition. Materials and Methods An expert panel composed by 7 physicians with expertise in clinical care of vulvar conditions outlined the architectural criteria for the definition of VLS severity (phimosis of the clitoris, involvement of the interlabial sulci, narrowing of the vulvar introitus), identifying 5 grades to build up a classification. Thirteen physicians with 2-30 years expertise in vulvar diseases (nonexpert group) were asked to evaluate 3-5 pictures from 137 patients. Each physician individually assigned a grade to each case, according to the previously mentioned criteria. Interrater reliability was analyzed by means of intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The reliability concerning the 2 classifications of each rater was analyzed by means of kappa statistic. Intraobserver and interobserver reliability in vivo was analyzed by means of kappa index. Results This study provides a new classification of VLS, based on defined anatomical criteria and graded into mutually exclusive progressive classes. The ICC analysis showed a substantial interrater reliability of the classification, ICC = 0.89 (0.87-0.91), both in the expert panel and in the nonexpert group (ICC = 0.92 and 0.87, respectively). An "almost perfect" intraobserver and interobserver reliability was achieved among physicians in vivo (kappa = 0.93). Conclusions Our classification showed a high reliability. It is easy to use, and it can be applied in clinical practice and eventually, in the evaluation of regenerative and cosmetic surgery.