A comparison of the pharmacodynamic effects of intravenous ketamine-xylazine with alfaxalone in mute swans (Cygnus olor) presenting at a wildlife veterinary hospital

被引:2
作者
Baldrey, Vicki [1 ]
Stanford, Michael [2 ]
Bacon, Heather [3 ]
机构
[1] Beaumont Sainsbury Anim Hosp, Royal Vet Coll, 4 Royal Coll St, London NW1 0TU, England
[2] Vet Def Soc Ltd, Knutsford WA16 8XZ, Cheshire, England
[3] Univ Cent Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, Lancs, England
关键词
alfaxalone; anaesthesia; ketamine; quality; swan; xylazine; ANESTHESIA; INDUCTION; ISOFLURANE; PROPOFOL; RECOVERY; QUALITY; DOGS;
D O I
10.1016/j.vaa.2021.03.014
中图分类号
S85 [动物医学(兽医学)];
学科分类号
0906 ;
摘要
Objective To compare effects of intravenous (IV) alfaxalone with ketamine-xylazine combination on anaesthetic induction, recovery and cardiopulmonary variables in mute swans. Study design Randomized, controlled, clinical study. Animals A group of 58 mute swans. Methods Swans were given either alfaxalone (10 mg kg(-1); group A) or a combination of ketamine (12.5 mg kg(-1)) and xylazine (0.28 mg kg(-1)) (group KX) IV. Heart and respiratory rates, end-tidal carbon dioxide and peripheral haemoglobin oxygen saturation were recorded at 5 minute intervals during anaesthesia. Time from anaesthetic induction to intubation, from cessation of isoflurane to extubation, to lifting head, sternal recumbency and absence of head/neck ataxia were recorded. Anaesthetic and recovery quality were scored (1 = very poor; 5 = excellent). Data are presented as median (interquartile range). Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results In group A, 44% (12/27) of swans required mechanical ventilation for 2-14 minutes versus 3.2% (1/31) of swans in group KX (p = 0.0002). Heart rate was higher in group A than in group KX [146 (127-168) versus 65.5 (56-78) beats minute(-1), respectively; p < 0.0001]. The isoflurane concentration required to maintain anaesthesia was higher in group A than in group KX [2.5% (2.0-3.0%) versus 1.5% (1.0-2.0%), respectively; p = 0.0001] . Time from cessation of isoflurane administration to lifting head was significantly longer in group A than in group KX [12 (9-17) versus 6 (4-7.75) minutes, respectively; p < 0.0001]. Anaesthesia quality scores were significantly better in group KX than in group A [4 (4-5) versus 4 (3-4), respectively; p = 0.0011], as were recovery scores [4 (3-5) versus 2 (2-3), respectively; p = 0.0005]. Conclusions and clinical relevance Alfaxalone is a suitable anaesthetic induction agent for use in mute swans. There is a greater incidence of postinduction apnoea and a higher incidence of agitation on recovery with alfaxalone than with ketamine-xylazine.
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收藏
页码:716 / 724
页数:9
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