Blue-blocking Filters and Digital Eyestrain

SIGNIFICANCE: Many manufacturers are currently marketing blue-blocking (BB) filters, which they claim will reduce the symptoms of digital eyestrain (DES). However, there is limited evidence to support the proposal that DES results from the blue light emitted by these devices. PURPOSE: The visual and ocular symptoms commonly experienced when viewing digital screens are collectively termed DES. The emission spectrumof modern digital displays frequently includes a high percentage of blue light. Being higher in energy, these short wavelengthsmay contribute to DES. This study examined the effect of a BB filter on symptoms of DES during a sustained near-vision task. METHODS: Twenty-three young, visually normal subjects were required to perform a 30-minute reading task froma tablet computer. The digital screen was overlaid with either a BB or neutral-density (ND) filter producing equal screen luminance. During each session, the accommodative response, pupil diameter, and vertical palpebral aperture dimension were measured at 0, 9, 19, and 29minutes after the start of the reading task. Immediately following each session, subjects completed a questionnaire to quantify symptoms of DES. RESULTS: The BB filter blocked 99% of the wavelengths between 400 and 500 nm. The mean total symptom scores (+/- 1 SEM) for the BB and ND filter conditions were 42.83 (3.58) and 42.61 (3.17), respectively (P=.62). No significant differences in accommodation or vertical palpebral aperture dimension were observed between the two filter conditions, although themagnitude of themean accommodative response did increase significantly during the first 9 minutes of the task (P=.02). CONCLUSIONS: A filter that eliminated 99% of the emitted blue light was no more effective at reducing symptoms of DES than an equiluminant ND filter. There is little evidence at this time to support the use of BB filters tominimize near work-induced asthenopia.