Sorptive extraction of pesticides from food and environmental samples using metal organic framework-based adsorbents

Sorptive pre-concentration of pesticide residues in food and environmental samples is increasingly gaining momentum. This can be attributed to fact that most sorptive extraction techniques are solvent-free as well as the availability of emerging sorbents with relatively high adsorption capacities. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are among the emerging sorbents that have captured the interests of many researchers during pesticide analysis. There are many types of MOFs that have been used by researchers to pre-concentrate pesticides in food and environmental samples. Some researchers have successfully used MIL-based MOFs during sorptive extraction of pesticides in complex matrices. This review gives a detailed discussion of their application during pesticide preconcentration. Other researchers have used the ZIF series of MOFs for the sorptive pre-concentration of pesticides in food and environmental samples. The utilisation of the ZIF series of MOFs during pesticide pre-concentration is well-articulated in this review. The review also devoted to the application of UiO and HKUST series of MOFs during the pre-concentration of pesticides in food and environmental samples. In addition, the challenges associated with the use of MOFs during sorptive pre-concentration of pesticides are also discussed in this review.