Superparamagnetic Fe3O4@CA Nanoparticles and Their Potential as Draw Solution Agents in Forward Osmosis

被引:28
作者
Petrinic, Irena [1 ]
Stergar, Janja [1 ,2 ]
Buksek, Hermina [1 ]
Drofenik, Miha [1 ,3 ]
Gyergyek, Saso [1 ,3 ]
Helix-Nielsen, Claus [1 ,4 ]
Ban, Irena [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Maribor, Fac Chem & Chem Engn, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
[2] Univ Maribor, Inst Biomed Sci, Fac Med, Taborska Ulica 8, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
[3] Jozef Stefan Inst, Dept Mat Synth, Jamova Cesta 29, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
[4] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Environm Engn, Miljovej 113, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
关键词
citrate-coated magnetic nanoparticle; forward osmosis; draw solution; osmotic pressure; non-ideality analysis; IRON-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; AMMONIA-CARBON DIOXIDE; COATED MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES; ASSISTED SYNTHESIS; FO PROCESS; WATER; DESALINATION; MEMBRANE; REMOVAL; PERFORMANCE;
D O I
10.3390/nano11112965
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
In this study, citric acid (CA)-coated magnetite Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@CA MNPs) for use as draw solution (DS) agents in forward osmosis (FO) were synthesized by co-precipitation and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and magnetic measurements. Prepared 3.7% w/w colloidal solutions of Fe3O4@CA MNPs exhibited an osmotic pressure of 18.7 bar after purification without aggregation and a sufficient magnetization of 44 emu/g to allow DS regeneration by an external magnetic field. Fe3O4@CA suspensions were used as DS in FO cross-flow filtration with deionized (DI) water as FS and with the active layer of the FO membrane facing the FS and NaCl as a reference DS. The same transmembrane bulk osmotic pressure resulted in different water fluxes for NaCl and MNPs, respectively. Thus the initial water flux with Fe3O4@CA was 9.2 LMH whereas for 0.45 M NaCl as DS it was 14.1 LMH. The reverse solute flux was 0.08 GMH for Fe3O4@CA and 2.5 GMH for NaCl. These differences are ascribed to a more pronounced internal dilutive concentration polarization with Fe3O4@CA as DS compared to NaCl as DS. This research demonstrated that the proposed Fe3O4@CA can be used as a potential low reverse solute flux DS for FO processes.
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页数:17
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