Integration of Lanthanide-Transition-Metal Clusters onto CdS Surfaces for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

Heterometallic lanthanide-transition-metal (4f-3d) clusters with well-defined crystal structures integrate multiple metal centers and provide a platform for achieving synergistic catalytic effects. Herein, we present a strategy for enhanced hydrogen evolution by loading atomically precise 4f-3d clusters Ln(52)Ni(56) on a CdS photoabsorber surface. Interestingly, some Ni2+ ions in the clusters Ln(52)Ni(56) were exchanged by the Cd2+ to form Ln(52)Ni(56-x)Cd(x)/CdS composites. Photocatalytic studies show that the efficient synergistic multipath charge separation and transfer from CdS to the Eu52Ni56-xCdx cluster enable high visible-light-driven hydrogen evolution at 25353molh(-1)g(-1). This work provides the strategy to design highly active photocatalytic hydrogen evolution catalysts by assembling heterometallic 4f-3d clusters on semiconductor materials.