GENETIC DIVERSITY AND POPULATION STRUCTURE ANALYSES IN BACCAUREA ANGULATA ACCESSIONS USING ISSR PRIMERS

Genetic diversity and population structure analyses are important tools which can be used towards improving the plant species. Baccaurea angulata commonly known as red star fruit, belongs to the family Phyllantacheae, and used as an underutilized species and source for food and medicine. However, the genetic information about the said species are lacking because no such detailed studies have been carried out before. Present study aims to determine the genetic diversity in different accession of B. angulata which can provide important about the base line for further improvement and also to conserve for future. Twenty-five inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers were used to investigate the genetic diversity in 75 accessions of B. angulata collected from different locations in the Kalimantan and Natuna Islands, Indonesia. Analysis of 75 accessions of B. angulata through 25 ISSR primers produced 234 loci with 230 polymorphic loci (98.28%). The markers were highly informative with average polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.90. The genetic diversity of B. angulata was categorized as high [Nei's genetic diversity (Na) = 1.20 - 1.70, effective number of alleles (Ne) = 1.12-1.46, Shannon's information index (I) = 0.07 - 0.26, gene diversity (H) = 0.11-0.38]. The genetic diversity within the population was higher (60%) than that among populations of different areas (40%). Cluster analysis using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) method which divided the B. angulata accessions into four different groups at a similarity coefficient index of 0.67, and to cluster the accessions according to their geographic distribution. Similarly, population genetic structure analysis using the Bayesian method grouped the 75 accessions of B. angulata into four gene pools. This study emphasizes that there is need for more attention to study such minor and underutilized species for utilization and future conservation.