Cognitive and behavioural outcomes following very preterm birth

This paper provides a review of the cognitive and behavioural outcomes of very pretern children in middle childhood. Case-controtted studies have shown that very pretern children have intelligence quotient (IQ) scores significantly lower than term peers, even for those who are free of severe disability. Authors have noted a gestational age-related gradient in IQ for those born before 33 weeks and studies have revealed particular problems in nonverbal reasoning and simultaneous information processing. Very pretern children are also at risk for behavioural problems. There is little consensus regarding the presence of internatising or externalising behaviours, but most studies show an increased risk of attentional and social problems. Studies have also shown a greater prevalence of psychiatric disorders and, specifically, an increased risk for ADHD. Methodological issues are discussed and suggestions are made for improving the reporting of outcomes to facilitate cross-study comparisons. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.