[1] Univ Tsukuba, Dept Thorac Surg, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
[2] Yokohama City Univ, Dept Surg, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
[3] Jichi Med Univ, Dept Thorac Surg, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
[4] Kagoshima Univ, Dept Digest Surg & Breast & Thyroid Surg, Kagoshima, Japan
[5] Keio Univ, Dept Cardiovasc Surg, Tokyo, Japan
[6] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Gastroenterol Surg, Osaka, Japan
[7] Univ Tokyo Hosp, Dept Cardiac Surg, Tokyo, Japan
[8] Natl Cerebral & Cardiovasc Ctr, Dept Cardiovasc Surg, Osaka, Japan
[9] Toho Univ, Sakura Med Ctr, Dept Cardiovasc Surg, Chiba, Japan
[10] Harajuku Rehabil Hosp, Tokyo, Japan
[11] Tokyo Shinagawa Hosp, Rehabil, Tokyo, Japan
[12] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Surg Oncol, Higashihiroshima, Japan
[13] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Med, Div Cardiovasc Surg, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
[14] Toho Univ, Fac Med, Sakura Med Ctr, Div Cardiovasc Surg, Tokyo, Japan
[15] Kawasaki Med Sch, Dept Cardiovasc Surg, Okayama, Japan
[16] Natl Kyushu Canc Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol Surg, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
[17] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Med, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, Tokyo, Japan
[18] Nihon Univ, Hosp Cardiovasc Surg, Tokyo, Japan
[19] Kagawa Univ, Fac Med, Dept Gen Thorac Surg, Kagawa, Japan
[20] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Thorac Surg, Aichi, Japan
[21] Takatsuki Gen Hosp, Cardioaort Ctr, Osaka, Japan