Face Coverings, Aerosol Dispersion and Mitigation of Virus Transmission Risk

被引：37

作者：

Viola, Ignazio Maria ^{[1
]}

Peterson, Brian ^{[1
]}

Pisetta, Gabriele ^{[1
]}

Pavar, Geethanjali ^{[1
]}

Akhtar, Hibbah ^{[1
,2
]}

Menoloascina, Filippo ^{[1
]}

Mangano, Enzo ^{[1
]}

Dunn, Katherine E. ^{[1
]}

Gabl, Roman ^{[1
]}

Nila, Alex ^{[3
]}

Molinari, Emanuela ^{[4
]}

Cummins, Cathal ^{[5
,6
]}

Thompson, Gerard ^{[7
]}

Lo, Tsz-Yan Milly ^{[8
,9
]}

Denison, Fiona C. ^{[10
]}

Digard, Paul ^{[11
]}

Malik, Omair ^{[12
]}

Dunn, Mark J. G. ^{[13
]}

McDougall, Catherine M. ^{[8
]}

Mehendale, Felicity, V ^{[9
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Engn, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, Midlothian, Scotland

[2] Univ Engn & Technol Lahore, Dept Mech Engn, Lahore 54890, Pakistan

[3] Lavis UK Ltd, Bicester EH8 9AB, Oxon, England

[4] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Informat, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland

[5] Heriot Watt Univ Edinburgh, Dept Math, Maxwell Inst Math Sci, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, Midlothian, Scotland

[6] Heriot Watt Univ Edinburgh, Inst Infrastruct & Environm, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, Midlothian, Scotland

[7] Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Clin Brain Sci, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, Midlothian, Scotland

[8] Royal Hosp Sick Children, Paediat Crit Care Unit, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, Midlothian, Scotland

[9] Univ Edinburgh, Usher Inst, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, Midlothian, Scotland

[10] Univ Edinburgh, Queens Med Res Inst, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, Midlothian, Scotland

[11] Univ Edinburgh, Roslin Inst, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, Midlothian, Scotland

[12] Royal Hosp Sick Children, Dept Anaesthesia, Edinburgh EH9 1LF, Midlothian, Scotland

[13] NHS Lothian, Dept Crit Care, Edinburgh EH1 3EG, Midlothian, Scotland

来源：

IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY | 2021年 / 2卷

基金：

英国工程与自然科学研究理事会; 英国生物技术与生命科学研究理事会; 欧洲研究理事会;

关键词：

COVID-19; pandemic; face coverings; face masks; aerosol dispersal; aerosol generating procedures;

D O I：

10.1109/OJEMB.2021.3053215

中图分类号：

R318 [生物医学工程];

学科分类号：

0831 ;

摘要：

The SARS-CoV-2 virus is primarily transmitted through virus-laden fluid particles ejected from the mouth of infected people. Face covers can mitigate the risk of virus transmission but their outward effectiveness is not fully ascertained. Objective: by using a background oriented schlieren technique, we aim to investigate the air flow ejected by a person while quietly and heavily breathing, while coughing, and with different face covers. Results: we found that all face covers without an outlet valve reduce the front flow through by at least 63% and perhaps as high as 86% if the unfiltered cough jet distance was resolved to the anticipated maximum distance of 2-3 m. However, surgical and handmade masks, and face shields, generate significant leakage jets that may present major hazards. Conclusions: the effectiveness of the masks should mostly be considered based on the generation of secondary jets rather than on the ability to mitigate the front throughflow.

引用

页码：26 / 35

页数：10

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