Do Cognitive Deficits Persist Into Adolescence In Autism?

被引:15
作者
Cantio, Cathriona [1 ,2 ]
White, Sarah [3 ]
Madsen, Gitte Falcher [1 ]
Bilenberg, Niels [1 ,4 ]
Jepsen, Jens Richardt Mollegaard [5 ,6 ,7 ]
机构
[1] Mental Hlth Serv Reg Southern Denmark, Child & Adolescent Mental Hlth Odense, Odense, Denmark
[2] Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Psychol, Odense, Denmark
[3] UCL, Inst Cognit Neurosci, London, England
[4] Univ Southern Denmark, Inst Clin Res, Odense, Denmark
[5] Ctr Neuropsychiat Schizophrenia Res, Glostrup, Denmark
[6] Ctr Clin Intervent & Neuropsychiat Schizophrenia, Glostrup, Denmark
[7] Mental Hlth Serv Capital Reg Denmark, Child & Adolescent Mental Hlth Ctr, Copenhagen, Denmark
关键词
Autism spectrum disorders; cognition; theory of mind; executive function; adolescent development; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION DEFICITS; SPECTRUM DISORDERS; ANIMATED SHAPES; YOUNG-CHILDREN; MENTAL STATES; MIND; BRAIN; IMPAIRMENTS; INDIVIDUALS; ATTRIBUTION;
D O I
10.1002/aur.1976
中图分类号
B84 [心理学]; C [社会科学总论]; Q98 [人类学];
学科分类号
03 ; 0303 ; 030303 ; 04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Several theories have attempted to characterise autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) at the cognitive level, most notably: theory of mind (ToM), executive function (EF), and a local processing bias (LB). The aim of this study was to investigate how these cognitive functions develop over time: The three cognitive domains (ToM, EF, and LB) were examined in a group of high-functioning children (age: 8-12, mean 10.85; IQ: 78-139, mean 105.48) with ASD and a matched group of children with neurotypical development (NTD) (IQ: 75-145, mean: 109.47), and several tasks were used within each domain to ensure the validity of the cognitive measures. Approximately 3 years later (mean age: 14.34), all children and their families were invited to participate in the follow-up (ASD, N = 21; NTD, N = 30). While the understanding of other's minds does improve from childhood to adolescence, ToM impairment persists in adolescents with ASD relative to their peers. Likewise, a development in EF was observed in the ASD group, while no significant improvement was seen in the NTD group, leading the ASD group to catch up in this domain. We did not detect any group differences at any time point regarding local bias processing (LB). Individual patterns of development were seen, but remarkably, ToM deficits were present in every child with ASD in whom we could detect any cognitive impairment at baseline, and a similar pattern was found at follow-up. These findings indicate that ToM is a persistent cognitive deficit in ASD. (C) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
引用
收藏
页码:1229 / 1238
页数:10
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