Hospitalisation costs for infant bronchiolitis are up to 20 times higher if intensive care is needed

AimUp to 3% of infants with bronchiolitis under 12months of age are hospitalised, and up to 9% require intensive care. We evaluated the costs of bronchiolitis hospitalisation, with a special focus on whether infants needed intensive care. MethodsBaseline and cost data were retrospectively collected, using electronic hospital files, for 80 infants under 12months old who were treated in the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) for bronchiolitis during a 13-year period. We calculated the daily costs for patients admitted to the PICU and compared them with 104 admitted to inpatient wards and 56 outpatients treated in the emergency department. ResultsThe mean hospitalisation cost for PICU patients was Euro8061 (95% CI 6193-9929), compared to Euro1834 (1649-2020) for other inpatients and Euro359 (331-387) for the outpatients. The hospitalisation cost per patient was associated with length of hospital stay, but not gender, age on admission or gestational age. There was no constant increase or decrease in hospitalisation costs during the study period. ConclusionThe hospitalisation costs of infants treated in the PICU for bronchiolitis at <12months of age were approximately four times more than for other inpatients and over 20 times more than for outpatients. Strategies are needed to reduce the need for intensive care.