Effect of variations in counterion to surfactant ratio on rheology and microstructures of drag reducing cationic surfactant systems

被引:71
作者
Lu, B
Zheng, Y
Davis, HT
Scriven, LE
Talmon, Y
Zakin, JL
机构
[1] Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
[2] Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
[3] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Chem Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel
关键词
cationic surfactant rheology; counterion/surfactant ratio; surfactant drag reduction; cationic surfactant microstructure;
D O I
10.1007/s003970050140
中图分类号
O3 [力学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0801 ;
摘要
Rheology, drag reduction and cryo-TEM experiments were performed on Arquad 16-50/NaSal and Ethoquad O/12/NaSal surfactant systems at different counterion-to-surfactant ratios and at constant low surfactant concentrations, 5 mM, appropriate for drag reduction. The molar ratio of counterion-to-surfactant was varied from 0.6 to 2.5. All the surfactant systems described here are viscoelastic and drag reducing. The viscoelasticity and drag reducing effectiveness increase with increase in counterion/surfactant ratio. Network are present in the solutions with high ratio, and they are viscoelastic. However, shear is needed to induce network formation for solutions at low ratio. Cryo-TEM images confirm the existence of thread-like micelles which form entanglement networks, and show that the micellar network becomes denser with increasing counterion/surfactant ratio in one surfactant series. Both increase in the counterion/surfactant ratio and increase in the shear rate result in shorter relaxation times. For some of these systems, abrupt increase in viscosity is observed at certain sheer rates which are time effects affecting microstructure rearrangements rather than formation of shear induced structures.
引用
收藏
页码:528 / 548
页数:21
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