Resolving the gravitational redshift across a millimetre-scale atomic sample

被引：285

作者：

Bothwell, Tobias ^{[1
,2
]}

Kennedy, Colin J. ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Aeppli, Alexander ^{[1
,2
]}

Kedar, Dhruv ^{[1
,2
]}

Robinson, John M. ^{[1
,2
]}

Oelker, Eric ^{[1
,2
,4
]}

Staron, Alexander ^{[1
,2
]}

Ye, Jun ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Colorado, NIST, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[2] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[3] Quantinuum, Broomfield, CO USA

[4] Univ Glasgow, Phys Dept, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland

来源：

NATURE | 2022年 / 602卷 / 7897期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

FERMIONS; DYNAMICS; CLOCKS;

D O I：

10.1038/s41586-021-04349-7

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Einstein's theory of general relativity states that clocks at different gravitational potentialstick at different rates relative to lab coordinates-an effect known as the gravitational redshift(1). As fundamental probes of space and time, atomic clocks have long served to test this prediction at distance scales from 30 centimetres to thousands of kilometres(2-4) . Ultimately, clocks will enable the study of the union of general relativity and quantum mechanics once they become sensitive to the finite wave function of quantum objects oscillating in curved space-time. Towards this regime, we measure a linear frequency gradient consistent with the gravitational redshift within a single millimetre-scale sample of ultracold strontium. Our result is enabled by improving the fractional frequency measurement uncertainty by more than a factor of 10, now reaching 7.6 x 10(-21). This heralds a new regime of clock operation necessitating intra-sample corrections for gravitational perturbations.

引用

页码：420 / +

页数：9

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