Residual detection of naproxen, methyltestosterone and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate in aquatic products by simple liquid-liquid extraction method coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

In the present study, we aimed to develop a reliable screening method based on liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the detection and quantification of naproxen, methyltestosterone and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate residues. The target analytes were extracted from samples of eel, flatfish and shrimp using acetonitrile with 1% acetic acid, followed by liquid-liquid purification with n-hexane. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a reversed-phase analytical column using 0.1% formic acid containing 10 mm ammonium formate in distilled water (A) and methanol (B) as mobile phases. All the matrix-matched calibration curves were linear (R-2 >= 0.99) over the concentration range of the tested analytes. Recovery at three spiking levels (0.005, 0.01 and 0.02 mg/kg) ranged from 68 to 117% with intra- and inter-day precisions <10%. Five market samples for each matrix (eel, flatfish and shrimp) were collected and tested for method application. In summary, the proposed method is feasible to screen and quantify the analytes with high selectivity in aquatic food products meant for human consumption.