The Italian National Survey of aircrew exposure: I. Characterisation of advanced instrumentation

The survey of aircrew exposure required the characterisation and/or the development of a diverse array of both passive and active instruments, which were not available at any one laboratory. To ensure the availability of the most advanced dosimetric systems and the relevant calibration facilities needed for the survey, an international collaboration was formed, which was facilitated by multinational research contracts promoted by the Commission of the European Communities. Close cooperation among scientists with long-term experience in different disciplines, such as cosmic ray measurement in space and radiation protection dosimetry, made it possible to exploit successfully damage track detectors for the accurate evaluation of very low fluences of particles with high energy and high charges. For a long time, the major concern for the assessment of aircrew exposure has been the accurate evaluation of the cosmic ray neutron dose. In this paper, four different dosimetric systems are considered, the response of which is sensitive to both low and high energy neutrons. All these dosimetric systems have provided consistent results when exposed together to the high energy beam facility at CERN, which is considered to approximate the cosmic ray field.