Human macrophages and innate lymphoid cells: Tissue-resident innate immunity in humanized mice

被引:14
作者
Alisjahbana, Arlisa [1 ]
Mohammad, Imran [1 ]
Gao, Yu [1 ]
Evren, Elza [1 ]
Ringqvist, Emma [1 ]
Willinger, Tim [1 ]
机构
[1] Karolinska Inst, Ctr Infect Med, Alfred Nobels Alle 8, S-14152 Stockholm, Sweden
基金
瑞典研究理事会;
关键词
Macrophages; Innate lymphoid cells; Humanized mice; Tissue-resident immunity; Single-cell RNA-sequencing; CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing; NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CXCR6; REGULATORY PROTEIN ALPHA; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELLS; MOUSE MODELS; NK CELLS; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; CD14(+)CD16(+) MONOCYTES; FETAL MONOCYTES; HIV-1; INFECTION;
D O I
10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113672
中图分类号
R9 [药学];
学科分类号
1007 ;
摘要
Macrophages and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are tissue-resident cells that play important roles in organ homeostasis and tissue immunity. Their intricate relationship with the organs they reside in allows them to quickly respond to perturbations of organ homeostasis and environmental challenges, such as infection and tissue injury. Macrophages and ILCs have been extensively studied in mice, yet important species-specific differences exist regarding innate immunity between humans and mice. Complementary to ex-vivo studies with human cells, humanized mice (i.e. mice with a human immune system) offer the opportunity to study human macrophages and ILCs in vivo within their surrounding tissue microenvironments. In this review, we will discuss how humanized mice have helped gain new knowledge about the basic biology of these cells, as well as their function in infectious and malignant conditions. Furthermore, we will highlight active areas of investigation related to human macrophages and ILCs, such as their cellular heterogeneity, ontogeny, tissue residency, and plasticity. In the near future, we expect more fundamental discoveries in these areas through the combined use of improved humanized mouse models together with state-of-the-art technologies, such as single-cell RNA-sequencing and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing.
引用
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页数:15
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