Does synbiotic supplementation affect body weight, body mass index, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in patients with type 2 diabetes? Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: The number of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is surging currently. Synbiotic as a supplement based on gut microbiota may be beneficial to improve the metabolism of T2DM. However, the results of clinical studies show that the role of synbiotic in weight management in patients with T2DM is controversial. In this context, we have formulated this protocol. The study will evaluate the effects of synbiotic supplementation on body weight, body mass index (BMI), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in patients with T2DM. Methods: The electronic databases PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library will be searched for relevant literature from inception. Literature search, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment will be carried out independently by two researchers. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that met the criteria will be included. A meta-analysis will be conducted using weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) as effect measures. Results: This systematic review and meta-analysis will mainly assess the effects of synbiotic supplementation on body weight and BMI in T2DM patients. Secondary outcome indicators will include hs-CRP. Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis will quantify the value of synbiotic supplement in weight management of patients with T2DM through a comprehensive evaluation of the current clinical evidence, so as to provide a basis for clinical application.