Contrast Sensitivity and Visual Acuity Before and After Nd:YAG Capsulotomy in Patients with Posterior Capsular Opacification: A Prospective Study

Introduction: Posterior Capsular Opacification (PCO) not only affects Visual Acuity (VA) but also Contrast Sensitivity (CS). Although main motive of performing Neodymium: Yttrium-Aluminium-Garnet laser (Nd: YAG laser) remains improvement in VA, an added benefit of improved contrast sensitivity makes the patient more satisfied in terms of quality of vision. Aim: To evaluate the changes in VA and CS before and after Nd:YAG capsulotomy. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital based prospective study conducted over a period of six months. Thirty five patients with PCO after uncomplicated cataract surgery were evaluated for VA and CS using Snellen's chart and Pelli-Robson chart respectively. Nd:YAG capsulotomy was done in one eye and patients were followed up on 4th week and the same parameters were measured. Results: There was an improvement in VA in the range of 6/12-6/9 and the patients with Grade 3-4 of PCO were found to have CS in the ranges of 0.60-1.05 and 0-0.45 with the singular exception of one patient with CS in range of 1.20-1.65. Conclusion: Nd:YAG capsulotomy in patients with PCO following uncomplicated cataract surgery results in an improved visual outcome not only in terms of VA but also in terms of CS. There was a significant difference in pre- laser CS based on the grade of PCO.