Regenerative periodontal therapy of infrabony defects using minimally invasive surgery and a collagen-enriched bovine-derived xenograft: a 1-year prospective study on clinical and aesthetic outcome

Aim To evaluate the clinical and aesthetic outcome of regenerative periodontal therapy (RPT) using minimally invasive surgery and a collagen-enriched bovine-derived xenograft (1); to identify risk factors for failure (clinical attachment level (CAL) gain =1 similar to mm) and advanced gingival recession (REC) increase (>1 similar to mm) (2). Material and methods Ninety-five non-smoking patients, with =25% full-mouth plaque and bleeding presenting =6 similar to months after initial periodontal therapy with =1 isolated inter-dental infrabony defect were recruited. Patients were consecutively treated by the same clinician using minimally invasive surgery and a collagen-enriched bovine-derived xenograft. Clinical, radiographic and aesthetic data were collected before surgery and up to 1 similar to year. Multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors for failure and advanced REC increase. Results Eighty-four patients (39 men, 45 women; mean age 53) complied and demonstrated mean probing depth (PD) of 7.8 similar to mm, CAL of 10.0 similar to mm and defect depth of 5.2 similar to mm before surgery. At 1 similar to year, postsurgery mean PD reduction was 3.5 similar to mm (range 0.08.0), CAL gain was 3.1 similar to mm (range 0.07.0) and radiographic defect fill was 53% (range 0100). Forty-nine percentage showed =4 similar to mm CAL gain, whereas 15% were considered failures. Mean inter-dental and midfacial REC increase was 0.3 similar to mm (range-2.02.0) and 0.5 similar to mm (range-1.52.0) respectively. Midfacial REC increase and contour deterioration contributed most to a small, yet significant reduction in the Pink Esthetic Score from 10.06 to 9.42 (p similar to=similar to 0.002). Risk factors for failure included defects with a non-supportive anatomy (OR: =10.4), plaque (OR: 14.7) and complication(s) (OR: 12.0). Risk factors for advanced midfacial REC increase included defects with a non-supportive anatomy (OR: 58.8) and a thin-scalloped gingival biotype (OR: 76.9). Conclusions RPT using minimally invasive surgery and a collagen-enriched bovine-derived xenograft demonstrated favourable clinical outcome after 1 similar to year, even though soft tissue aesthetics could not be fully preserved. Defects with a non-supporting anatomy may be at risk for failure and advanced midfacial recession.