Alzheimer's Therapeutics Targeting Amyloid Beta 1-42 Oligomers I: Abeta 42 Oligomer Binding to Specific Neuronal Receptors Is Displaced by Drug Candidates That Improve Cognitive Deficits

被引：124

作者：

Izzo, Nicholas J. ^{[1
]}

Staniszewski, Agnes ^{[7
,8
]}

To, Lillian ^{[4
]}

Fa, Mauro ^{[7
,8
]}

Teich, Andrew F. ^{[7
,8
]}

Saeed, Faisal ^{[7
,8
]}

Wostein, Harrison ^{[1
]}

Walko, Thomas, III ^{[1
]}

Vaswani, Anisha ^{[1
]}

Wardius, Meghan ^{[1
]}

Syed, Zanobia ^{[1
]}

Ravenscroft, Jessica ^{[1
]}

Mozzoni, Kelsie ^{[1
]}

Silky, Colleen ^{[1
]}

Rehak, Courtney ^{[1
]}

Yurko, Raymond ^{[1
]}

Finn, Patricia ^{[1
]}

Look, Gary ^{[1
]}

Rishton, Gilbert ^{[1
]}

Safferstein, Hank ^{[1
]}

Miller, Miles ^{[3
]}

Johanson, Conrad ^{[3
]}

Stopa, Edward ^{[3
]}

Windisch, Manfred ^{[5
]}

Hutter-Paier, Birgit ^{[6
]}

Shamloo, Mehrdad

Arancio, Ottavio ^{[7
,8
]}

LeVine, Harry, III ^{[2
]}

Catalano, Susan M. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Cognit Therapeut Inc, Pittsburgh, PA 15203 USA

[2] Univ Kentucky, Sanders Brown Ctr Aging, Lexington, KY 40536 USA

[3] Brown Univ, Warren Alpert Med Sch, Dept Pathol & Neurosurg, Providence, RI 02912 USA

[4] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Behav & Funct Neurosci Lab, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA

[5] GmbH, NeuroScios, Graz, Austria

[6] QPS Austria, GmbH, Graz, Austria

[7] Columbia Univ, Taub Inst Res Alzheimers Dis & Aging Brain, New York, NY USA

[8] Columbia Univ, Dept Pathol & Cell Biol, New York, NY USA

来源：

PLOS ONE | 2014年 / 9卷 / 11期

关键词：

INDUCED SYNAPTIC DEPRESSION; CELLULAR PRION PROTEIN; A-BETA; MOUSE MODEL; HUMAN BRAIN; FORMAZAN EXOCYTOSIS; HIPPOCAMPAL-NEURONS; BEHAVIORAL DEFICITS; NATURAL OLIGOMERS; SPINE NUMBER;

D O I：

10.1371/journal.pone.0111898

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Synaptic dysfunction and loss caused by age-dependent accumulation of synaptotoxic beta amyloid (Abeta) 1-42 oligomers is proposed to underlie cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Alterations in membrane trafficking induced by Abeta oligomers mediates reduction in neuronal surface receptor expression that is the basis for inhibition of electrophysiological measures of synaptic plasticity and thus learning and memory. We have utilized phenotypic screens in mature, in vitro cultures of rat brain cells to identify small molecules which block or prevent the binding and effects of Abeta oligomers. Synthetic Abeta oligomers bind saturably to a single site on neuronal synapses and induce deficits in membrane trafficking in neuronal cultures with an EC50 that corresponds to its binding affinity. The therapeutic lead compounds we have found are pharmacological antagonists of Abeta oligomers, reducing the binding of Abeta oligomers to neurons in vitro, preventing spine loss in neurons and preventing and treating oligomer-induced deficits in membrane trafficking. These molecules are highly brain penetrant and prevent and restore cognitive deficits in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. Counter-screening these compounds against a broad panel of potential CNS targets revealed they are highly potent and specific ligands of the sigma-2/PGRMC1 receptor. Brain concentrations of the compounds corresponding to greater than 80% receptor occupancy at the sigma-2/PGRMC1 receptor restore cognitive function in transgenic hAPP Swe/Ldn mice. These studies demonstrate that synthetic and human-derived Abeta oligomers act as pharmacologically-behaved ligands at neuronal receptors -i.e. they exhibit saturable binding to a target, they exert a functional effect related to their binding and their displacement by small molecule antagonists blocks their functional effect. The first-in-class small molecule receptor antagonists described here restore memory to normal in multiple AD models and sustain improvement long-term, representing a novel mechanism of action for disease-modifying Alzheimer's therapeutics.

引用

页数：19

共 74 条

[1] Different β-amyloid oligomer assemblies in Alzheimer brains correlate with age of disease onset and impaired cholinergic activity [J].