Simulating maximal quantum entanglement without communication

被引:90
作者
Cerf, NJ
Gisin, N
Massar, S
Popescu, S
机构
[1] Free Univ Brussels, Ctr Quantum Informat & Commun, Ecole Polytech, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
[2] Univ Geneva, GAP Opt, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
[3] Free Univ Brussels, Lab Informat Quant, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
[4] Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England
[5] Hewlett Packard Labs, Bristol BS12 6QZ, Avon, England
关键词
D O I
10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.220403
中图分类号
O4 [物理学];
学科分类号
0702 ;
摘要
It is known that all causal correlations between two parties which output each 1 bit, a and b, when receiving each 1 bit, x and y, can be expressed as convex combinations of local correlations (i.e., correlations that can be simulated with local random variables) and nonlocal correlations of the form a+b=xy mod 2. We show that a single instance of the latter elementary nonlocal correlation suffices to simulate exactly all possible projective measurements that can be performed on a maximally entangled state of two qubits, with no communication needed at all. This elementary nonlocal correlation thus defines some unit of nonlocality, which we call a nl bit.
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页数:4
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