Magnetic resonance angiography of the carotid artery: artifacts, anatomy, diseases

Magnetic resonance angiography is now a technique commonly used in neurologic practice. We give a brief overview of the biophysical principles of this technique. Recent refinements and technical innovations are also noted. After some anatomic considerations about the carotid artery, we provide some data about the role of MRA in atherosclerotic and non atherosclerotic diseases (dissections, aneurysms, arteritis, post operative follow-up...) of the extra and intracranial carotid arteries. The purpose of this review is to concentrate on the role of magnetic resonance angiography in patients with various carotid artery diseases and to specify possibilities, limitations and risk of misinterpretation. Magnetic resonance angiography is a major, still evolving technique.