An effective entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae for the simultaneous control of Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens mosquito adults

The purpose of this study was to select the most effective Metarhizium anisopliae isolates for the simultaneous control of Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens mosquito adults. The selection was performed using 65 isolates of M. anisopliae, an entomopathogenic fungus isolated from Korean soils. The selection process was carried out through evaluations of conidial thermotolerance, UV-B tolerance, pathogenicity and virulence against adults of two mosquito species and conidial production on grain medium. The thermotolerance of 65 M. anisopliae isolates ranged from 0% to 99%, and their UV-B tolerance ranged from 7.1% to 94.8%. Among them, 30 isolates with high thermotolerance were selected for evaluation of their pathogenicity and virulence against adults of the two mosquito species. Metarhizium anisopliae isolates were more susceptible to Cx. pipiens adults than Ae. albopictus adults because 11 isolates were pathogenic to Ae. albopictus and 21 isolates were pathogenic to Cx. pipiens. Virulence and conidial production were evaluated using 6 isolates with similar pathogenicity against the two species of mosquito. As a result, the accumulated mortality was 74-100% for Ae. albopictus and 78-100% for Cx. pipiens. LT50 values ranged from 2.3 to 5.2 days for Ae. albopictus and from 3.2 - 4.7 days for Cx. pipiens. Comparison of conidial production using three kinds of grain media showed various results according to isolate and medium. Based on the above results, M. anisopliae CN6S1W1 was finally selected as the most effective fungal isolate for the simultaneous control of Ae. albopictus and Cx. pipiens mosquito adults.