Acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines among Black immigrants living in the United States

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has disproportionately affected the Black community in the United States (U.S.). The emergency authorization of three COVID-19 vaccines in the U.S.-issued between December 2020 and February 2021-will significantly reduce hospitalizations and deaths due to COVID-19. To date, no published study on COVID-19 vaccine acceptability among Black individuals in the U.S. has examined the unique experiences of Black immigrants. Methods: Between January and February 2021, we conducted an online quantitative survey of first and second generation Black immigrants across the U.S. (n = 388). We fit bivariate and multivariable multi-nomial logistic regression models to examine acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccines. Results: Overall, 57% of participants reported that they would get the COVID-19 vaccine immediately if it was available to them or had already received at least one dose of the vaccine, 37% would delay getting the vaccine, and 6% indicated that they would never get the vaccine. Compared to participants who reported that they would get the COVID-19 vaccine immediately/had already received at least one dose, participants who indicated that they would never get the vaccine were more likely to have an associate's degree or lower [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 9.25; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.34 to 36.6] and a bach-elor's degree (aOR 3.79; 95% CI: 1.14 to 12.6) compared to having a master's degree or higher. Additionally, compared to participants who reported that they would get the COVID-19 vaccine immedi-ately/had already received at least one dose, participants who indicated that they would delay getting the COVID-19 vaccine were more likely to: identify as female (aOR 2.62; 95% CI: 1.45 to 4.72), identify as heterosexual (aOR 4.33; 95% CI: 1.46 to 12.9), report having been employed in healthcare operations and care delivery in the previous 6 months (aOR 2.08; 95% CI: 1.02 to 4.25), and history of a laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis (aOR 2.44; 95% CI: 1.15 to 5.19). Conclusion: Our results suggest that COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy may be high among Black immigrants in the U.S. We found that lower educational attainment, being female, and employment in healthcare set-ting were associated with vaccine refusal and delay. Culturally-relevant interventions are needed to ensure optimal vaccination rates among this vulnerable population. (C) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.