Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST): Clinical-morphological Features and Immunohistochemical Profile

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are mesenchymal neoplasms that represent approximately 0.3% of all malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract, characterized immunohistochemically for CD117 expression in 95% of cases and most commonly affects the stomach and small intestine. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical, morphological and immunohistochemical diagnosis of GIST patients in the unit of pathology Hernan Henriquez Aravena Hospital in Temuco. Retrospective cohort study. We studied 30 patients with gist who underwent surgery between 1999 and 2010 in the Hernan Henriquez Aravena Hospital in Temuco. The clinical and morphological variables studied were age, gender, location and tumor size, histological type, mitotic index, commitment mucosa, degree of nuclear pleomorphism and necrosis. immunohistochemical study found c-KIT, CD34 and S-100. Descriptive statistics and analytical, using Pearson chi-square and Fisher exact tests for categorical variables, and T-test for continuous variables. The average age was 60 years (1781 years), verified 60% of women in the study group. 90% corresponded to tumors located gastro-intestinal, stomach and small intestine represents 80% of cases. The average tumor size was 75.9 mm. spindle pattern accounted for 77%, with necrosis in 37% of cases. 50% had> 5 mitosis/50 cam, mucosal involvement verified by 67%. according to the prognostic group was observed 7% group 1, group 2 23%, 20% in group 3, 0% in group 4, 10% and 40% group 5 group 6. 100% expressed positive for c-KIT, CD34 63% and 3% for S-100. GIST mostly affect patients from the 4 th -6 decade of life with a slight female predominance, stomach and small intestine being the organs most commonly affected. Immunohistochemical study showed positivity for c-KIT and CD34 in 100% and 63% of cases.