Peer-to-peer energy bartering for the resilience response enhancement of networked microgrids

This paper proposes a peer-to-peer (P2P) energy bartering framework for enhancing resilience response of networked microgrids (NMGs) against extreme events. In the emergencies, electrically isolated microgrids (MGs) are physically interconnected via a common bus to form NMGs for energy sharing. These MGs communicate with each other through cyber links to reach a consensus on direct energy bartering among themselves. The proposed energy bartering framework allows an unlimited number of MGs to share energy in the networked mode with less adoption of new regulations for P2P energy sharing management and without need to financial instruments and the intermediacy of any financial and central energy management agent. This framework is implemented in two stages. First, each MG individually maximizes its exported power for enhancing resilience response of NMGs by holding individual rationality constraint which guarantees that MGs operation costs in P2P energy sharing will not exceed than when they do not participate. Then, by exploiting an average consensus algorithm and proportional sharing assumption, each MG determines its imported and exported power in a decentralized way. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework for enhancing the overall resilience of NMGs, while by preserving individual rationality constraint, MGs prefer P2P networked operation mode rather than individual operation mode.