The recorded economic costs of alien invasive species in Italy

被引:17
|
作者
Haubrock, Phillip J. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Cuthbert, Ross N. [4 ,5 ]
Tricarico, Elena [6 ]
Diagne, Christophe [7 ]
Courchamp, Franck [7 ]
Gozlan, Rodolphe E. [8 ,9 ]
机构
[1] Senckenberg Res Inst, D-63571 Gelnhausen, Germany
[2] Nat Hist Museum Frankfurt, Dept River Ecol & Conservat, D-63571 Gelnhausen, Germany
[3] Univ South Bohemia Ceske Budejovice, Fac Fisheries & Protect Waters, South Bohemian Res Ctr Aquaculture & Biodivers Hy, Zatisi 728-2, Vodnany 38925, Czech Republic
[4] GEOMAR Helmholtz Zentrum Ozeanforsch Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
[5] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Biol Sci, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, Antrim, North Ireland
[6] Univ Florence, Dept Biol, Via Madonna Piano 6, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
[7] Newcastle Univ, Sch Nat & Environm Sci, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England
[8] Univ Paris Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecol Syst Mat Evolut, F-91405 Orsay, France
[9] Univ Montpellier, ISEM, CNRS, EPHE,IRD, Montpellier, France
关键词
biodiversity; ecosystem services; Europe; InvaCost; resource damages; socioeconomic indicators;
D O I
10.3897/neobiota.67.57747
中图分类号
X176 [生物多样性保护];
学科分类号
090705 ;
摘要
Wahrend die okol-ogischen Auswirkungen der Invasion gebietsfremder Arten gut dokumentiert sind, ist wenig uber die wirtschaftlichen Kosten bekannt. Die Auswirkungen invasiver gebietsfremder Arten auf die Wirtschaft konnen weitreichend sein, von Verwaltungskosten uber Ernteverluste bis hin zu Infrastrukturschaden. Einzelinformationen zu diesen Kostenschatzungen fehlen jedoch noch, insbesondere auf nationaler und regionaler Ebene. In dieser Studie verwenden wir Daten aus der ersten globalen Datenbank der wirtschaftlichen Kosten invasiver gebietsfremder Arten (InvaCost), bei der veroffentlichte wirtschaftliche Kostendaten systematisch aus wissenschaftlicher und grauer Literatur gesammelt wurden. Wir wollten die wirtschaftlichen Kosten von Invasionen in Italien, einem der am starksten von biologischen Invasionen beeinflussten Lander Europas (geschatzt mehr als 3.000 gebietsfremden Arten) beschreiben. Die gesa-mtwirtschaftlichen Kosten von Invasionen in Italien zwischen 1990 und 2020 wurden auf 819,76 Mio. USD (704,78 Mio. EUR) geschatzt. Diese Kosten waren in terrestrischen Lebensraumen am hochsten, wobei erheblich weniger Kosten ausschlie ss lich mit aquatischen Lebensraumen und Bewirtschaftungs-methoden verbunden waren, was auf eine Verzerrung in der aktuellen Literatur hinweist. Es gab auch deutliche Hinweise auf Informationslucken, da Kosten nur fur 15 Arten registriert waren. Daruber hin-aus beobachteten wir eine Tendenz zu bestimmten taxonomischen Gruppen, wobei Insektenarten den gro ss ten Teil der Kostenschatzungen in Italien ausmachen. Die Raten biologischer Invasionen verlang-samen sich weltweit nicht und die damit verbundenen wirtschaftlichen Auswirkungen werden voraussi-chtlich zunehmen. Daher muss die Bewertung und Berichterstattung der wirtschaftlichen Kosten in allen Taxa verbessert werden, um die Auswirkungen von Invasionen auf die Volkswirtschaften abzuschwachen und effizient zu steuern. Poco se conoce sobre los costes economicos que provocan las especies invasoras, mientras que los impactos ecologicos se car-acterizan por estar bien documentados. Los impactos economicos que provocan las especies invasoras pueden provenir de una amplia gama, desde costes de manejo, perdidas en cultivos, hasta danos a la infraestructura. Sin embargo, los detalles sobre los costes aun se desconocen, particularmente a una escala regional y nacional. En el presente estudio, se emplearon datos de la primera evaluacion global de los costes economicos de las especies invasoras (InvaCost), donde se publicaron datos economicos colectados sistematicamente de literatura cientifica y literatura gris. El objetivo del presente estudio es describir los costes economicos de las especies invasoras en Italia, uno de los paises con la mayor presencia de invasiones en Europa, con un estimado de mas de 3,000 especies exoticas presentes. Los costes economicos generales se estimaron en US $817.76 millones (EUR euro 704.78 millones) entre 1990 y 2020 en Italia. Los costes se observaron mayores entre los habitats terrestres y los metodos de manejo, destacando una desviacion entre los datos presentados en la literatura actual. Se observo tambien una clara evidencia de vacios de informacion, donde solo 15 especies se reportaron en los costes. Adicionalmente, se observo una tendencia hacia algunos grupos taxonomicos en particular, en donde las especies de insectos presentaron la mayoria de los datos para estimar los costes de sus invasiones en Italia. Mundialmente, las tasas de invasion no estan disminuyendo, por lo que se espera que los impactos economicos se eleven. Asimismo, la evaluacion y reporte de los costes economicos requieren de mejores estimaciones entre los taxa, para una mitigacion y manejo eficiente del impacto sobre la economia de las especies invasoras. Whilst the ecological impacts of invasion by alien species have been well documented, little is known of the economic costs incurred. The impacts of invasive alien species on the economy can be wide-ranging, from management costs, to loss of crops, to infrastructure damage. However, details on these cost estimates are still lacking, particularly at national and regional scales. In this study, we use data from the first global assessment of economic costs of invasive alien species (InvaCost), where published economic cost data were systematically gathered from scientific and grey literature. We aimed to describe the economic cost of invasions in Italy, one of the most invaded countries in Europe, with an estimate of more than 3,000 alien species. The overall economic cost of invasions to Italy between 1990 and 2020 was estimated at US$ 819.76 million (EUR euro 704.78 million). This cost was highest within terrestrial habitats, with considerably fewer costs being exclusively associated with aquatic habitats and management methods, highlighting a bias within current literature. There was also a clear indication of informational gaps, with only 15 recorded species with costs. Further, we observed a tendency towards particular taxonomic groups, with insect species accounting for the majority of cost estimates in Italy. Globally, invasion rates are not slowing down and the associated economic impact is thus expected to increase. Therefore, the evaluation and reporting of economic costs need to be improved across taxa, in order to mitigate and efficiently man-age the impact of invasions on economies. Sono ancora poco noti i costi eco-nomici causati dalle invasioni biologiche, mentre gli impatti ecologici sono stati ben documentati. Gli impatti delle specie aliene invasive sull'economia possono essere vari: si va dai costi di gestione, alla perdita dei raccolti e ai danni alle infrastrutture. Tuttavia, non ci sono ancora dettagli su questi costi stimati, in particolare a livello nazionale e regionale. In questo studio, vengono utilizzati i dati della prima valutazione globale sui costi economici delle specie aliene invasive (InvaCost), dove i dati pubblicati sui costi econ-omici sono stati raccolti dalla letteratura scientifica e grigia. L'obiettivo e stato descrivere i costi economici delle invasioni biologiche in Italia, uno dei paesi piu invasi in Europa con oltre 3000 specie aliene stimate. Nel complesso, il costo economico stimato delle invasioni in Italia tra il 1990 e il 2020 si aggira sugli 819.76 milioni US$ (che corrispondono a 704.78 milioni di euro). Il costo maggiore e stato rilevato per gli habitat terrestri, mentre molto pochi sono stati i costi trovati associati strettamente agli habitat acquatici e alla gestione, sottolineando una disparita nella letteratura odierna. Si e evidenziato anche una mancanza di informazioni, con costi riportati solo per 15 specie. Inoltre, e stata osservata una preponderanza di dati per alcuni gruppi tassonomici: gli insetti sono responsabili della maggior parte dei costi stimati in Italia. A livello globale, i tassi di invasione non stanno rallentando e ci si aspetta, quindi, che gli impatti economici associati crescano. Di conseguenza, e necessario migliorare la valutazione e riportare i costi economici tra i vari taxa per mitigare e gestire in maniera efficace gli impatti delle invasioni sulle attivita economiche.
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页码:247 / 266
页数:20
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