Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Molecular Biology and Oncogenesis

被引:70
作者
Ross, Susan R. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Penn, Dept Microbiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
[2] Univ Penn, Abramson Canc Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
来源
VIRUSES-BASEL | 2010年 / 2卷 / 09期
关键词
milk-borne virus; superantigen; intrinsic immunity; CIS; breast cancer; HUMAN BREAST-CANCER; MMTV INSERTIONAL MUTAGENESIS; REM-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT; CELL-SPECIFIC ENHANCER; LONG TERMINAL REPEAT; TRANSGENIC MICE; TRANSFERRIN RECEPTOR; IN-VIVO; ENDOGENOUS RETROVIRUSES; SUPERANTIGEN EXPRESSION;
D O I
10.3390/v2092000
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV), which was discovered as a milk-transmitted, infectious cancer-inducing agent in the 1930s, has been used since that time as an animal model for the study of human breast cancer. Like other complex retroviruses, MMTV encodes a number of accessory proteins that both facilitate infection and affect host immune response. In vivo, the virus predominantly infects lymphocytes and mammary epithelial cells. High level infection of mammary epithelial cells ensures efficient passage of virus to the next generation. It also results in mammary tumor induction, since the MMTV provirus integrates into the mammary epithelial cell genome during viral replication and activates cellular oncogene expression. Thus, mammary tumor induction is a by-product of the infection cycle. A number of important oncogenes have been discovered by carrying out MMTV integration site analysis, some of which may play a role in human breast cancer.
引用
收藏
页码:2000 / 2012
页数:13
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