Measuring energy security: Trends in the diversification of oil and natural gas supplies

被引：159
作者：
Cohen, Gail [2 ]
Joutz, Frederick [3 ]
Loungani, Prakash [1 ]
机构：
[1] Int Monetary Fund, Res Dept, Washington, DC 20431 USA
[2] US Congress, Washington, DC 20510 USA
[3] George Washington Univ, Dept Econ, Washington, DC 20052 USA
来源：
ENERGY POLICY | 2011年 / 39卷 / 09期
关键词：
Energy security; Energy independence; OECD energy use; INDICATORS; COUNTRIES;
D O I：
10.1016/j.enpol.2011.06.034
中图分类号：
F [经济];
学科分类号：
02 ;
摘要：
We present evidence on one facet of energy security in OECD economies-the extent of diversification in sources of oil and natural gas supplies. Viewed from the perspective of the energy-importing countries as a whole, there has not been much change in diversification in oil supplies over the last decade, but diversification in sources of natural gas supplies has increased steadily. We document the considerable cross-country heterogeneity in the extent of diversification. We also show how the extent of diversification changes if account is taken of the political risk attached to suppliers; the size of the importing country; and transportation risk. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码：4860 / 4869
页数：10
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