Immunocytochemical localization of cytochrorne P450 aromatase in the testis of prepubertal, pubertal, and postpubertal horses

The large amount of testicular estrogens produced by the stallion is unique compared to the amounts found in other domestic species. Although the cellular locale of the cytochrome P450 aromatase (P450(arom)) enzyme that converts C-19 androgens to C-18 estrogens has been identified in the Leydig cell of adult equine testis, the location in the immature equine testis is not known. The goal of this work was to localize the enzyme in colts and stallions during sexual development. Testes were obtained from prepubertal (n = 7), pubertal (n = 6), and postpubertal (n = 8) colts and stallions during both the breeding and non-breeding seasons. Tissue was fixed and prepared for immunocytochemistry (ICC), carried out with an antiserum against human placental P450(arom). In prepubertal colts, there was distinct immunopositive staining of a similar degree within both the Leydig cell and the seminiferous tubule. Horses in the pubertal group had strong Leydig cell immunopositive staining and a slight degree of positive staining within the seminiferous tubules. Postpubertal stallions exhibited definitive immunopositive staining within Leydig cells but not within the seminiferous tubules. Therefore, P450(arom) is present within the Leydig cell throughout sexual development. In contrast, the presence of P450(arom) within the seminiferous tubule based upon ICC appeared to be gone by adulthood, suggesting that an age-dependent shift in the locale of this enzyme as the stallion matures. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.