MOJAVE. XIII. PARSEC-SCALE AGN JET KINEMATICS ANALYSIS BASED ON 19 YEARS OF VLBA OBSERVATIONS AT 15 GHz

被引：215

作者：

Lister, M. L. ^{[1
]}

Aller, M. F. ^{[2
]}

Aller, H. D. ^{[2
]}

Homan, D. C. ^{[3
]}

Kellermann, K. I. ^{[4
]}

Kovalev, Y. Y. ^{[5
,6
]}

Pushkarev, A. B. ^{[5
,7
]}

Richards, J. L. ^{[1
]}

Ros, E. ^{[6
,8
,9
]}

Savolainen, T. ^{[10
]}

机构：

[1] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 525 Northwestern Ave, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA

[2] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 311 West Hall,1085 S Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

[3] Denison Univ, Dept Phys, Granville, OH 43023 USA

[4] Natl Radio Astron Observ, 520 Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA

[5] Astro Space Ctr Lebedev Phys Inst, Profsoyuznaya 84-32, Moscow 117997, Russia

[6] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany

[7] Crimean Astrophys Observ, Nauchny 98409, Crimea, Russia

[8] Univ Valencia, Astron Observ, Parc Cient,C Catedrat Jose Beltran 2, E-46980 Valencia, Spain

[9] Univ Valencia, Dept Astron & Astrofis, C Dr Moliner 50, E-46100 Valencia, Spain

[10] Aalto Univ, Metsahovi Radio Observ, Metsahovintie 114, FI-02540 Kylmala, Finland

来源：

ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL | 2016年 / 152卷 / 01期

基金：

芬兰科学院; 俄罗斯基础研究基金会;

关键词：

BL Lacertae objects: general; galaxies: active; galaxies: jets; quasars: general; radio continuum: galaxies; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BL-LACERTAE OBJECTS; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SPECTRUM RADIO-SOURCES; SURVEY QUASAR CATALOG; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; EMISSION-LINE PROPERTIES; RAY BLAZAR CANDIDATES; BANK 966-MHZ SURVEY; EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES;

D O I：

10.3847/0004-6256/152/1/12

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

We present 1625 new 15 GHz (2 cm) VLBA images of 295 jets associated with active galactic nuclei (AGNs) from the MOJAVE and 2 cm VLBA surveys, spanning observations between 1994 August 31 and 2013 August 20. For 274 AGNs with at least 5 VLBA epochs, we have analyzed the kinematics of 961 individual bright features in their parsec-scale jets. A total of 122 of these jets have not been previously analyzed by the MOJAVE program. In the case of 451 jet features that had at least 10 epochs, we also examined their kinematics for possible accelerations. At least half of the well-sampled features have non-radial and/or accelerating trajectories, indicating that non-ballistic motion is common in AGN jets. Since it is impossible to extrapolate any accelerations that occurred before our monitoring period, we could only determine reliable ejection dates for similar to 24% of those features that had significant proper motions. The distribution of maximum apparent jet speeds in all 295 AGNs measured by our program to date is peaked below 5c, with very few jets with apparent speeds above 30c. The fastest speed in our survey is similar to 50c, measured in the jet of the quasar PKS 0805-07, and is indicative of a maximum jet Lorentz factor of similar to 50 in the parent population. An envelope in the maximum jet speed versus redshift distribution of our sample provides additional evidence of this upper limit to the speeds of radio-emitting regions in parsec-scale AGN jets. The Fermi-LAT-detected gamma-ray AGNs in our sample have, on average, higher jet speeds than non-LAT-detected AGNs, indicating a strong correlation between parsec-scale jet speed and the gamma-ray Doppler boosting factor. We have identified 11 moderate-redshift (z < 0.35) AGNs with fast apparent speeds (>10c) that are strong candidates for future TeV gamma-ray detection. Of the five gamma-ray loud narrow-lined Seyfert I AGNs in our sample, three show highly superluminal jet motions, while the others have sub-luminal speeds. This indicates that some narrow-lined Seyfert I AGNs possess powerful jets with Lorentz factors in excess of 10, and viewing angles less than 10 degrees, consistent with those of typical BL Lac objects and flat-spectrum radio quasars.

引用

页数：16

共 198 条

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Baldini, L. ;

Ballet, J. ;

Barbiellini, G. ;

Bastieri, D. ;

Bechtol, K. ;

Bellazzini, R. ;

Berenji, B. ;

Blandford, R. D. ;

Bloom, E. D. ;

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Borgland, A. W. ;

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Burnett, T. H. ;

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Caliandro, G. A. ;

Cameron, R. A. ;

Caraveo, P. A. ;

Casandjian, J. M. ;

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Cohen-Tanugi, J. ;

Conrad, J. ;

Costamante, L. ;

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de Angelis, A. ;

de Palma, F. ;

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Digel, S. W. ;

do Couto e Silva, E. ;

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← 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 →

共 198 条

[1] The second data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey [J].

Abazajian, K ;

Adelman-McCarthy, JK ;

Agüeros, MA ;

Allam, SS ;

Kurt ;

Anderson, SJ ;

Anderson, SF ;

Annis, J ;

Bahcall, NA ;

Baldry, IK ;

Bastian, S ;

Berlind, A ;

Bernardi, M ;

Blanton, MR ;

Bochanski, JJ ;

Boroski, WN ;

Briggs, JW ;

Brinkmann, J ;

Brunner, RJ ;

Budavári, T ;

Carey, LN ;

Carliles, S ;

Castander, FJ ;

Connolly, AJ ;

Csabai, I ;

Doi, M ;

Dong, F ;

Eisenstein, DJ ;

Evans, ML ;

Fan, XH ;

Finkbeiner, DP ;

Friedman, SD ;

Frieman, JA ;

Fukugita, M ;

Gal, RR ;

Gillespie, B ;

Glazebrook, K ;

Gray, J ;

Grebel, EK ;

Gunn, JE ;

Gurbani, VK ;

Hall, PB ;

Hamabe, M ;

Harris, FH ;

Harris, HC ;

Harvanek, M ;

Heckman, TM ;

Hendry, JS ;

Hennessy, GS ;

Hindsley, RB .

ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL, 2004, 128 (01) :502-512

[2] The third data release of the Sloan digital Sky Survey [J].

Abazajian, K ;

Adelman-McCarthy, JK ;

Agüeros, MA ;

Allam, SS ;

Anderson, KSJ ;

Anderson, SF ;

Annis, J ;

Bahcall, NA ;

Baldry, IK ;

Bastian, S ;

Berlind, A ;

Bernardi, M ;

Blanton, MR ;

Bochanski, JJ ;

Boroski, WN ;

Brewington, HJ ;

Briggs, JW ;

Brinkmann, J ;

Brunner, RJ ;

Budavári, T ;

Carey, LN ;

Castander, FJ ;

Connolly, AJ ;

Covey, KR ;

Csabai, I ;

Dalcanton, JJ ;

Doi, M ;

Dong, F ;

Eisenstein, DJ ;

Evans, ML ;

Fan, XH ;

Finkbeiner, DP ;

Friedman, SD ;

Frieman, JA ;

Fukugita, M ;

Gillespie, B ;

Glazebrook, K ;

Gray, J ;

Grebel, EK ;

Gunn, JE ;

Gurbani, VK ;

Hall, PB ;

Hamabe, M ;

Harbeck, D ;

Harris, FH ;

Harris, HC ;

Harvanek, M ;

Hawley, SL ;

Hayes, J ;

Heckman, TM .

ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL, 2005, 129 (03) :1755-1759

[3] FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE THIRD SOURCE CATALOG [J].

Acero, F. ;

Ackermann, M. ;

Ajello, M. ;

Albert, A. ;

Atwood, W. B. ;

Axelsson, M. ;

Baldini, L. ;

Ballet, J. ;

Barbiellini, G. ;

Bastieri, D. ;

Belfiore, A. ;

Bellazzini, R. ;

Bissaldi, E. ;

Blandford, R. D. ;

Bloom, E. D. ;

Bogart, J. R. ;

Bonino, R. ;

Bottacini, E. ;

Bregeon, J. ;

Britto, R. J. ;

Bruel, P. ;

Buehler, R. ;

Burnett, T. H. ;

Buson, S. ;

Caliandro, G. A. ;

Cameron, R. A. ;

Caputo, R. ;

Caragiulo, M. ;

Caraveo, P. A. ;

Casandjian, J. M. ;

Cavazzuti, E. ;

Charles, E. ;

Chaves, R. C. G. ;

Chekhtman, A. ;

Cheung, C. C. ;

Chiang, J. ;

Chiaro, G. ;

Ciprini, S. ;

Claus, R. ;

Cohen-Tanugi, J. ;

Cominsky, L. R. ;

Conrad, J. ;

Cutini, S. ;

D'Ammando, F. ;

de Angelis, A. ;

DeKlotz, M. ;

de Palma, F. ;

Desiante, R. ;

Digel, S. W. ;

Di Venere, L. .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, 2015, 218 (02)

[4] THE THIRD CATALOG OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI DETECTED BY THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE [J].

Ackermann, M. ;

Ajello, M. ;

Atwood, W. B. ;

Baldini, L. ;

Ballet, J. ;

Barbiellini, G. ;

Bastieri, D. ;

Gonzalez, J. Becerra ;

Bellazzini, R. ;

Bissaldi, E. ;

Blandford, R. D. ;

Bloom, E. D. ;

Bnino, R. ;

Bottagini, E. ;

Brandt, T. J. ;

Bregeon, J. ;

Britto, R. J. ;

Bruel, P. ;

Buehler, R. ;

Buson, S. ;

Caliandro, G. A. ;

Cameron, R. A. ;

Caragiulo, M. ;

Caraveo, P. A. ;

Careenter, B. ;

Casandjian, J. M. ;

Cavazzuti, E. ;

Cecchi, C. ;

Charles, E. ;

Chekhtman, A. ;

Cheung, C. C. ;

Chiang, J. ;

Chiaro, G. ;

Ciprini, S. ;

Claus, R. ;

Cohen-Tanugi, J. ;

Cominsky, L. R. ;

Conrad, J. ;

Cutini, S. ;

D'Abrusco, R. ;

D'Ammando, F. ;

de Angelis, A. ;

Desiante, R. ;

Digel, S. W. ;

Di Venere, L. ;

Drell, P. S. ;

FAvuzzi, C. ;

Fegan, S. J. ;

Ferrara, E. C. ;

Finke, J. .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2015, 810 (01)

[5] THE SECOND CATALOG OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI DETECTED BY THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE [J].

Ackermann, M. ;

Ajello, M. ;

Allafort, A. ;

Antolini, E. ;

Atwood, W. B. ;

Axelsson, M. ;

Baldini, L. ;

Ballet, J. ;

Barbiellini, G. ;

Bastieri, D. ;

Bechtol, K. ;

Bellazzini, R. ;

Berenji, B. ;

Blandford, R. D. ;

Bloom, E. D. ;

Bonamente, E. ;

Borgland, A. W. ;

Bottacini, E. ;

Bouvier, A. ;

Bregeon, J. ;

Brigida, M. ;

Bruel, P. ;

Buehler, R. ;

Burnett, T. H. ;

Buson, S. ;

Caliandro, G. A. ;

Cameron, R. A. ;

Caraveo, P. A. ;

Casandjian, J. M. ;

Cavazzuti, E. ;

Cecchi, C. ;

Charles, E. ;

Cheung, C. C. ;

Chiang, J. ;

Ciprini, S. ;

Claus, R. ;

Cohen-Tanugi, J. ;

Conrad, J. ;

Costamante, L. ;

Cutini, S. ;

de Angelis, A. ;

de Palma, F. ;

Dermer, C. D. ;

Digel, S. W. ;

do Couto e Silva, E. ;

Drell, P. S. ;

Dubois, R. ;

Escande, L. ;

Favuzzi, C. ;

Fegan, S. J. .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2011, 743 (02)

[6] The Sixth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey [J].

Adelman-McCarthy, Jennifer K. ;

Agueros, Marcel A. ;

Allam, Sahar S. ;

Prieto, Carlos Allende ;

Anderson, Kurt S. J. ;

Anderson, Scott F. ;

Annis, James ;

Bahcall, Neta A. ;

Bailer-Jones, C. A. L. ;

Baldry, Ivan K. ;

Barentine, J. C. ;

Bassett, Bruce A. ;

Becker, Andrew C. ;

Beers, Timothy C. ;

Bell, Eric F. ;

Berlind, Andreas A. ;

Bernardi, Mariangela ;

Blanton, Michael R. ;

Bochanski, John J. ;

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