[1] Univ Nigeria, Dept Phys & Astron, Nsukka, Nigeria
[2] Nnamdi Azikiwe Univ, Dept Sci Educ, Awka, Nigeria
[3] iThemba LABS Natl Res Fdn, Nanosci African Network NANOAFNET, 1 Old Faure Rd,POB 722, ZA-7129 Somerset West, Western Cape Pr, South Africa
[4] Univ South Africa UNISA, Coll Grad Studies, UNESCO UNISA Africa Chair Nanosci Nanotechnol, POB 392, Pretoria, South Africa
[5] Univ Nigeria, Dept Pure & Ind Chem, Nsukka, Nigeria
[6] Coal City Univ, Fac Nat & Appl Sci, Dept Phys, Enugu, Nigeria