A simple scoring method to predict augmented renal clearance in haematologic malignancies

What is known and objective Augmented renal clearance (ARC; hyperfiltration with over 130 mL/min/1.73 m(2) of creatinine clearance (CLcr)) commonly occurs in critically ill patients. Recent reports indicate that ARC also occurs in haematologic malignancies. However, the risk factors for ARC in haematologic malignancies remain unknown, and there is no established method to predict ARC in haematologic malignancies. Our objective was to explore the risk factors for ARC retrospectively and develop a scoring method to predict ARC. Methods A single-centre, retrospective, observational cohort study was conducted at the Sendai Medical Center (Sendai, Japan); 133 patients (April 2017-March 2019) and 41 patients (April-November 2019) with haematopoietic tumours who were administered vancomycin were enrolled in the analysis and validation cohorts, respectively. To define ARC, we calculated the vancomycin serum concentration when CLcr = 130 mL/min/1.73 m(2) using a one-compartment model. Patients with ARC were defined as those whose actual concentration of vancomycin remained lower than the calculated concentration. Using the analysis cohort, we explored risk factors of ARC and developed a scoring method to predict ARC in haematologic malignancies. The reproducibility of the scoring system was demonstrated using the validation cohort. Results and discussion Through multivariate analysis, young age (P < .001), leukaemia (P = .001) and low serum creatinine (P < .001) were identified as risk factors. According to this result, we established the ARC detection method: age <= 50 years = 3 points, 50 years < age <= 65 years = 1 point, leukaemia = 2 points, low SCr = 2 points; patients scoring >= 5 points represent the ARC high-risk group. Using this scoring system, we could detect ARC with a sensitivity and specificity of 60.0% and 89.7% in the analysis cohort and 90.0% and 90.9% in the validation cohort, respectively. What is new and conclusion Our scoring method could predict ARC in haematologic malignancies and is useful as a simple screening tool for ARC.