Beach macro-litter monitoring on southern Baltic beaches: results, experiences and recommendations

被引：60

作者：

Schernewski, Gerald ^{[1
,2
]}

Balciunas, Arunas ^{[1
,2
]}

Graewe, Dennis ^{[3
]}

Graewe, Ulf ^{[1
]}

Klesse, Kristina ^{[4
]}

Schulz, Marcus ^{[5
]}

Wesnigk, Sylvie ^{[1
]}

Fleet, David ^{[6
]}

Haseler, Mirco ^{[1
]}

Moellman, Nils ^{[7
]}

Werner, Stefanie ^{[8
]}

机构：

[1] Leibniz Inst Balt Sea Res, Seestr 15, D-18119 Rostock, Germany

[2] Klaipeda Univ, Marine Sci & Technol Ctr, H Manto 84, LT-92294 Klaipeda, Lithuania

[3] State Agcy Environm Nat Conservat & Geol Mecklenb, Goldberger Str 12, D-18273 Gustrow, Germany

[4] EUCC Coastal Union Germany eV, Seestr 15, D-18119 Rostock, Germany

[5] AquaEcol GmbH & Co KG, Marie Curie Str 1, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany

[6] Natl Pk Author, Natl Pk & Marine Conservat, Schleswig Holstein Agcy Coastal Def, Schlossgarten 1, D-25832 Tonning, Germany

[7] NABU, Charitestr 3, D-10117 Berlin, Germany

[8] German Environm Agcy UBA, Worlitzer Pl 1, D-06844 Dessau Rosslau, Germany

来源：

JOURNAL OF COASTAL CONSERVATION | 2018年 / 22卷 / 01期

关键词：

Marine strategy framework directive; Marine policy; Cormorant; Model simulation; Cluster analysis; NORTH-SEA; MARINE DEBRIS; STATISTICAL-ANALYSES; BRISTOL CHANNEL; PLASTIC DEBRIS; TIME-SERIES; POLLUTION; ORIGIN;

D O I：

10.1007/s11852-016-0489-x

中图分类号：

X176 [生物多样性保护];

学科分类号：

090705 ;

摘要：

Major objectives were to provide a comprehensive dataset on beach macro-litter for parts of the southern Baltic Sea and to analyse if the methodology is fully applicable and a suitable monitoring method in the Baltic. We carried out a regular macro litter beach monitoring (OSPAR methodology, 4 time a year) on 35 beaches along the German and Lithuanian Baltic coast over 2-5 years. Additional experiments addressed the subjectivity of the field surveys and spatio-temporal variability on different scales. We observed no seasonality of the data and a monthly compared to a 3-monthly sampling resulted in 3 times higher annual item numbers. Along the Lithuanian coast, the average number of items per survey varied between 138 and 340 and along the German Baltic coast between 7 and 404, with a median value of 47. All data showed a very high spatio-temporal variability. Using the Matrix Scoring Technique we assessed beach litter sources. With 50% tourism and recreation was the most important source. 3D-transport simulations helped to explain the minor role of shipping as a source and, compared to the North Sea, the low numbers of items on German Baltic beaches. Floating litter had a short duration time in the western Baltic Sea and offshore drift dominated. Further, the common regular beach cleanings reduced the potential for local litter accumulation and translocation. We suggest a monitoring system on 14 Baltic beaches in Germany and 2 in Lithuania and provide cost calculations. The analysis of macro-litter in cormorant nesting material and the search for beached dead animals did not show any result. We can conclude that the macro-litter beach monitoring method is less suitable for Baltic beaches and should only serve as a complementary method in combination with others.

引用

页码：5 / 25

页数：21

共 33 条

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