Acquisition and Transmissibility of US Soybean dwarf virus Isolates by the Soybean Aphid, Aphis glycines

Soybean dwarf virus (SbDV) exists as several distinct strains based on symptomatology, vector specificity, and host range. Originally characterized Japanese isolates of SbDV were specifically transmitted by Aulacorthum solani. More recently, additional Japanese isolates and endemic U.S. isolates have been shown to be transmitted by several different aphid species. The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines, the only aphid that colonizes soybean, has been shown to be a very inefficient vector of some SbDV isolates from Japan and the United States. Transmission experiments have shown that the soybean aphid can transmit certain isolates of SbDV from soybean to soybean and clover species and from clover to clover and soybean with long acquisition and inoculation access periods. Although transmission of SbDV by the soybean aphid is very inefficient, the large soybean aphid populations that develop on soybean may have epidemiological potential to produce serious SbDV-induced yield losses.