ANDES, the high resolution spectrograph for the ELT: science case, baseline design and path to construction

被引：38

作者：

Marconi, A. ^{[1
,2
]}

Abreu, M. ^{[3
]}

Adibekyan, V. ^{[4
,5
]}

Alberti, V. ^{[6
]}

Albrecht, S. ^{[7
]}

Alcaniz, J. ^{[8
]}

Aliverti, M. ^{[9
]}

Allende Prieto, C. ^{[10
,11
]}

Gomez, J. D. Alvarado ^{[12
]}

Amado, P. J. ^{[13
]}

Amate, M. ^{[10
]}

Andersen, M. I. ^{[14
,15
]}

Artigau, E. ^{[16
,17
]}

Baker, C. ^{[18
]}

Baldini, V. ^{[6
]}

Balestra, A. ^{[19
]}

Barnes, S. A. ^{[12
,20
]}

Baron, F. ^{[16
,17
,21
]}

Barros, S. C. C. ^{[4
,5
]}

Bauer, S. M. ^{[12
]}

Beaulieu, M. ^{[22
]}

Bellido-Tirado, O. ^{[12
]}

Benneke, B. ^{[16
,17
]}

Bensby, T. ^{[23
]}

Bergin, E. A. ^{[24
]}

Biazzo, K. ^{[25
]}

Bik, A. ^{[26
]}

Birkby, J. L. ^{[27
]}

Blind, N. ^{[28
]}

Boisse, I. ^{[29
]}

Bolmont, E. ^{[28
,30
]}

Bonaglia, M. ^{[2
]}

Bonfils, X. ^{[31
]}

Borsa, F. ^{[9
]}

Brandeker, A. ^{[26
]}

Brandner, W. ^{[32
]}

Broeg, C. H. ^{[33
,34
]}

Brogi, M. ^{[35
,36
,37
]}

Brousseau, D. ^{[38
]}

Brucalassi, A. ^{[2
]}

Brynnel, J. ^{[12
]}

Buchhave, L. A. ^{[39
]}

Buscher, D. F. ^{[18
]}

Cabral, A. ^{[3
]}

Calderone, G. ^{[6
]}

Calvo-Ortega, R. ^{[13
]}

Cantalloube, F. ^{[29
]}

Canto Martins, B. L. ^{[40
]}

Carbonaro, L. ^{[2
]}

Chauvin, G. ^{[22
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Florence, Dept Phys & Astron, Florence, Italy

[2] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, Largo E Fermi 5, I-50125 Florence, Italy

[3] Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, Inst Astrofis & Ciencias Espaco, PT-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal

[4] Univ Porto, CAUP, Inst Astrofis & Ciencias Espaco, Rua Estrelas, PT-4150762 Porto, Portugal

[5] Univ Porto, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis & Astron, Rua Campo Alegre, P-4169007 Porto, Portugal

[6] INAF Osservatorio Astron Trieste, Via GB Tiepolo 11, I-34143 Trieste, Italy

[7] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Stellar Astrophys Ctr, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

[8] Observ Nacl, Dept Astron, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

[9] INAF Osservatorio Astron Brera, Via E Bianchi 46, I-23807 Merate, LC, Italy

[10] IAC, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

[11] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Tenerife, Spain

[12] Leibniz Inst Astrophys Potsdam AIP, Sternwarte 16, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany

[13] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, Glorieta Astron S-N, E-18008 Granada, Spain

[14] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Jagtvej 128, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark

[15] Univ Montreal, Cosm Dawn Ctr DAWN, 1375 Ave Therese Lavoie Roux, Montreal, PQ H2V 0B3, Canada

[16] Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, 1375 Ave Therese Lavoie Roux, Montreal, PQ H2V 0B3, Canada

[17] Univ Montreal, Inst Rech Exoplanetes, Montreal, PQ, Canada

[18] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England

[19] INAF Osservatorio Astron Padova, Vicolo Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padua, Italy

[20] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO USA

[21] Univ Montreal, Observ Mt Megant, Montreal, PQ, Canada

[22] Univ Cote Azur, Observ Cote Azur, CNRS, CS 34229, Nice, France

[23] Lund Observ, Dept Astron & Theoret Phys, Box 43, S-22100 Lund, Sweden

[24] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 311 West Hall,1085 S Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

[25] INAF Observ Astron Roma, Via Frascati 33, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, RM, Italy

[26] Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Astron, AlbaNova, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[27] Univ Oxford, Subdept Astrophys, Denys Wilkinson Bldg,Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England

[28] Univ Geneva, Astron Observ, Chemin Pegasi 51, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland

[29] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France

[30] Univ Geneva, Fac Sci, Ctr Vie Univers, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland

[31] Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France

[32] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany

[33] Ctr Space & Habitabil, Gesell Str 6, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland

[34] Univ Bern, Inst Phys, Sidlerstr 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland

[35] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England

[36] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy

[37] Univ Warwick, Ctr Exoplanets & Habitabil, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England

[38] Univ Laval, Quebec City, PQ, Canada

[39] Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Space, Natl Space Inst, Elektrovej 328, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark

[40] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Dept Fis Teor & Expt, Campus Univ, BR-59072970 Natal, RN, Brazil

[41] Heriot Watt Univ, SUPA, Inst Photon & Quantum Sci, Sch Engn & Phys Sci, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland

[42] Univ Durham, Ctr Extragalact Astron, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England

[43] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada

[44] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy

[45] IFPU, Via Beirut 2, I-34151 Trieste, Italy

[46] Inst Maua Tecnol, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil

[47] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Piazza Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy

[48] Univ Toulouse, IRAP, UMR CNRS F5277, UPS, Toulouse, France

[49] NRC Herzberg Astron & Astrophys Res Ctr, Victoria, BC, Canada

[50] Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Fis G Occhialini, Piazza Sci 3, I-20126 Milan, Italy

来源：

GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY IX | 2022年 / 12184卷

基金：

澳大利亚研究理事会; 欧洲研究理事会; 瑞士国家科学基金会; 瑞典研究理事会;

关键词：

ground-based instruments; high resolution spectrographs; infrared spectrographs; extremely large telescopes; exoplanets; stars and planets formation; physics and evolution of stars; physics and evolution of galaxies; cosmology; fundamental physics;

D O I：

10.1117/12.2628689

中图分类号：

TH7 [仪器、仪表];

学科分类号：

0804 ; 080401 ; 081102 ;

摘要：

The first generation of ELT instruments includes an optical-infrared high resolution spectrograph, indicated as ELT-HIRES and recently christened ANDES (ArmazoNes high Dispersion Echelle Spectrograph). ANDES consists of three fibre-fed spectrographs (UBV, RIZ, YJH) providing a spectral resolution of similar to 100,000 with a minimum simultaneous wavelength coverage of 0.4-1.8 mu m with the goal of extending it to 0.35-2.4 mu m with the addition of a K band spectrograph. It operates both in seeing- and diffraction-limited conditions and the fibre-feeding allows several, interchangeable observing modes including a single conjugated adaptive optics module and a small diffraction-limited integral field unit in the NIR. Its modularity will ensure that ANDES can be placed entirely on the ELT Nasmyth platform, if enough mass and volume is available, or partly in the Coude room. ANDES has a wide range of groundbreaking science cases spanning nearly all areas of research in astrophysics and even fundamental physics. Among the top science cases there are the detection of biosignatures from exoplanet atmospheres, finding the fingerprints of the first generation of stars, tests on the stability of Nature's fundamental couplings, and the direct detection of the cosmic acceleration. The ANDES project is carried forward by a large international consortium, composed of 35 Institutes from 13 countries, forming a team of more than 200 scientists and engineers which represent the majority of the scientific and technical expertise in the field among ESO member states.

引用

页数：16

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