Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in endemic and native tree species, wild pear (Pyrus glabra) and maple (Acer cinerascens)

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form a tightly linked symbiotic association with many plant species. The arbuscular mycorrhizal potential (including fungal diversity, root colonization and sporulation) in two of the forest tree species Pyrus glabra and Acer cinerascens growing in a semi-arid area were analyzed both in wet and dry seasons. Measurements were recorded from October 2009 to April 2010. In addition, the nutrient status of their rhizosphere interactions was assessed. Roots were stained with Trypan blue, fungal structures quantified using magnified intersections method, and AMF spores were extracted through wet-sieving and decanting in the rhizosphere soils of the species. A total of 12 AM fungal taxa belonging to two genera were found based on spores isolated within two species identified. Seven species of AM fungi were observed in the rhizosphere of P. glabra and five species isolated from rhizosphere of A. cinerascens. Three species belonged to Acaulospora and nine to Glomus. The mean spore density and organic matter percentage increased and colonization and phosphorous amounts (P) decreased in dry season (autumn). There was no significant correlation between AMF colonization and the available P, regarding to A. cinerascens.