Sex and Species Differences in the Development of Diet-Induced Obesity and Metabolic Disturbances in Rodents

被引:91
作者
Maric, Ivana [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Krieger, Jean-Philippe [1 ,2 ]
van der Velden, Pauline [1 ,2 ]
Borchers, Stina [1 ,2 ]
Asker, Mohammed [1 ,2 ]
Vujicic, Milica [1 ]
Wernstedt Asterholm, Ingrid [1 ]
Skibicka, Karolina P. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Gothenburg, Inst Neurosci & Physiol, Gothenburg, Sweden
[2] Univ Gothenburg, Wallenberg Ctr Mol & Translat Med, Gothenburg, Sweden
[3] Penn State Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA
来源
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION | 2022年 / 9卷
基金
瑞典研究理事会; 瑞士国家科学基金会;
关键词
diet-induced obesity (DIO); brown adipose tissue (BAT); species differences; rats; mice; sex differences; BROWN ADIPOSE-TISSUE; GLUCOSE-HOMEOSTASIS; BODY-WEIGHT; FEMALE RATS; FOOD-INTAKE; SUGAR DIET; EXPRESSION; ESTRADIOL; THERMOGENESIS; HORMONE;
D O I
10.3389/fnut.2022.828522
中图分类号
R15 [营养卫生、食品卫生]; TS201 [基础科学];
学科分类号
100403 ;
摘要
Prevalence and health consequences of obesity differ between men and women. Yet, most preclinical studies investigating the etiology of obesity have, to date, been conducted in male rodents. Notably, diet is a major determinant of obesity, but sex differences in rodent models of diet-induced obesity, and the mechanisms that underlie such differences, are still understudied. Here, we aim to determine whether time course and characteristics of diet-induced obesity differ between sexes in rats and mice, and to investigate the potential causes of the observed divergence. To achieve this, we offered the most commonly tested rodents of both sexes, SD rats and C57BL/6 mice, a free choice of 60 % high-fat diet (HFD) and regular chow; body weight, food intake, fat mass, brown adipose responses, locomotor activity and glucose tolerance were assessed in a similar manner in both species. Our results indicate that overall diet-induced hyperphagia is greater in males but that females display a higher preference for the HFD, irrespective of species. Female rats, compared to males, showed a delay in diet-induced weight gain and less metabolic complications. Although male rats increased brown adipose tissue thermogenesis in response to the HFD challenge, this was not sufficient to counteract increased adiposity. In contrast to rats, female and male mice presented with a dramatic adiposity and impaired glucose tolerance, and a decreased energy expenditure. Female mice showed a 5-fold increase in visceral fat, compared to 2-fold increase seen in male mice. Overall, we found that male and female rodents responded very differently to HFD challenge, and engaged different compensatory energy expenditure mechanisms. In addition, these sex differences are divergent in rats and mice. We conclude that SD rats have a better face validity for the lower prevalence of overweight in women, while C57BL/6 mice may better model the increased prevalence of morbid obesity in women.
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页数:14
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