Measuring University Students' Group Work Contribution: Scale Development and Validation

The purpose of this study is to validate the Group Work Contribution Scale, a scale that was developed for use as a self-assessment at the conclusion of a group project. Specifically, this scale measures the factors related to a learner's participation within a school-based work team. A two-step validation process was conducted, using first exploratory and then confirmatory factor analysis. A total of 458 undergraduate students participated across two data collection sessions (231 and 227 participants). The refined Group Work Contribution Scale consists of four underlying factors: effort, initiative, responsibility, and backing-up behavior. The final 12-item scale for Group Work Contribution was confirmed via model fit indices.