Value of laparoscopic and fast-track surgery in the application of sigmoid colon cancer resection

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of laparoscopic and fast-track surgery (FTS) in the application of sigmoid colon cancer resection. Methods: Patients with sigmoid colon cancer (n=582) were selected as subjects for retrospective analysis. They were divided into experimental groups A (laparoscopic surgery combined with FTS; 249 cases), B (laparoscopic surgery alone; 174 cases), and C (traditional laparotomy alone; 159 cases). The three groups were compared in terms of patient operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss, length of hospital stay, postoperative exhaust time, postoperative defecation time, complications, nursing satisfaction, and scoring of gastrointestinal recovery. Results: Operation time and volume of intraoperative blood loss in group C were significantly greater than those in groups A and B (P<0.05). Length of hospital stay, postoperative exhaust time, and defecation time were the shortest (P<0.05) in group A, followed by group B. Length of hospital stay, postoperative exhaust time, and defecation time were the longest in group C (P<0.05). Complications were fewer and nursing satisfaction was better in group A than those in the other two groups (P<0.05). Differences in gastrointestinal function recovery scores among the three groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Group A scored the highest (P<0.05), followed by group B (P<0.05), with group C scoring the lowest (P<0.05). Conclusion: Use of laparoscopy combined with FTS can effectively reduce incidence of injury and complications in patients undergoing sigmoid colon cancer resection, significantly improving patient prognosis.