Structural and diffusion-weighted brain imaging predictors of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and its symptomology in very young (4-to 7-year-old) children

被引:2
作者
Oztekin, Ilke [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Garic, Dea [4 ]
Bayat, Mohammadreza [1 ,2 ]
Hernandez, Melissa L. [1 ,2 ]
Finlayson, Mark A. [5 ]
Graziano, Paulo A. [1 ,2 ]
Dick, Anthony Steven [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Florida Int Univ, Ctr Children & Families, Miami, FL 33199 USA
[2] Florida Int Univ, Dept Psychol, Miami, FL 33199 USA
[3] Exponent Inc, 3440 Market St,Suite 600, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
[4] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Inst Dev Disabil, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA
[5] Florida Int Univ, Sch Comp & Informat Sci, Miami, FL USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
ADHD; diffusion-weighted imaging; machine learning; neurite density; structural brain imaging; DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; OPPOSITIONAL DEFIANT DISORDER; HUMAN CEREBRAL-CORTEX; WORKING-MEMORY; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; PROACTIVE-INTERFERENCE; BEHAVIORAL-INHIBITION; CONDUCT DISORDER; HEAD MOTION; ADHD;
D O I
10.1111/ejn.15842
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
The current study aimed to identify the key neurobiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as it relates to ADHD diagnostic category and symptoms of hyperactive/impulsive behaviour and inattention. To do so, we adapted a predictive modelling approach to identify the key structural and diffusion-weighted brain imaging measures and their relative standing with respect to teacher ratings of executive function (EF) (measured by the Metacognition Index of the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function [BRIEF]) and negativity and emotion regulation (ER) (measured by the Emotion Regulation Checklist [ERC]), in a critical young age range (ages 4 to 7, mean age 5.52 years, 82.2% Hispanic/Latino), where initial contact with educators and clinicians typically take place. Teacher ratings of EF and ER were predictive of both ADHD diagnostic category and symptoms of hyperactive/impulsive behaviour and inattention. Among the neural measures evaluated, the current study identified the critical importance of the largely understudied diffusion-weighted imaging measures for the underlying neurobiology of ADHD and its associated symptomology. Specifically, our analyses implicated the inferior frontal gyrus as a critical predictor of ADHD diagnostic category and its associated symptomology, above and beyond teacher ratings of EF and ER. Collectively, the current set of findings have implications for theories of ADHD, the relative utility of neurobiological measures with respect to teacher ratings of EF and ER, and the developmental trajectory of its underlying neurobiology.
引用
收藏
页码:6239 / 6257
页数:19
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