Personalized Deep Learning for Tag Recommendation

Social media services deploy tag recommendation systems to facilitate the process of tagging objects which depends on the information of both the user's preferences and the tagged object. However, most image tag recommender systems do not consider the additional information provided by the uploaded image but rely only on textual information, or make use of simple low-level image features. In this paper, we propose a personalized deep learning approach for the image tag recommendation that considers the user's preferences, as well as visual information. We employ Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), which already provide excellent performance for image classification and recognition, to obtain visual features from images in a supervised way. We provide empirical evidence that features selected in this fashion improve the capability of tag recommender systems, compared to the current state of the art that is using hand-crafted visual features, or is solely based on the tagging history information. The proposed method yields up to at least two percent accuracy improvement in two real world datasets, namely NUS-WIDE and Flickr-PTR.