Design, baseline characteristics, and retention of African American light smokers into a randomized trial involving biological data

被引:20
作者
Cox, Lisa Sanderson [1 ]
Faseru, Babalola [1 ]
Mayo, Matthew S. [2 ]
Krebill, Ron [2 ]
Snow, Tricia S. [1 ]
Bronars, Carrie A. [1 ]
Nollen, Nicole L. [1 ]
Choi, Won S. [1 ]
Okuyemi, Kolawole S. [3 ,4 ,11 ]
Salzman, Gary A. [5 ]
Benowitz, Neal L. [6 ]
Tyndale, Rachel F. [7 ,8 ,9 ]
Ahluwalia, Jasjit S. [4 ,10 ,11 ]
机构
[1] Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Kansas City, KS 66103 USA
[2] Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Biostat, Kansas City, KS 66103 USA
[3] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Dept Family Med & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
[4] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Program Hlth Dispar Res, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
[5] Univ Missouri, Kansas City Sch Med, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA
[6] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Clin Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut, Dept Med & Bioengn & Therapeut Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
[7] Univ Toronto, Ctr Addict & Mental Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada
[8] Univ Toronto, Dept Psychiat, Toronto, ON, Canada
[9] Univ Toronto, Dept Pharmacol, Toronto, ON, Canada
[10] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Dept Med, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
[11] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Ctr Hlth Equ, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
BUPROPION SMOKING-CESSATION; SUSTAINED-RELEASE BUPROPION; NICOTINE METABOLITE RATIO; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS; CYP2A6; GENOTYPE; TRANSDERMAL NICOTINE; RACIAL/ETHNIC GROUPS; CYTOCHROME-P450; 2A6; WISCONSIN INVENTORY;
D O I
10.1186/1745-6215-12-22
中图分类号
R-3 [医学研究方法]; R3 [基础医学];
学科分类号
1001 ;
摘要
Background: African Americans experience significant tobacco-related health disparities despite the fact that over half of African American smokers are light smokers (use <= 10 cigarettes per day). African Americans have been under-represented in smoking cessation research, and few studies have evaluated treatment for light smokers. This paper describes the study design, measures, and baseline characteristics from Kick It at Swope III (KIS-III), the first treatment study of bupropion for African American light smokers. Methods: Five hundred forty African American light smokers were randomly assigned to receive bupropion (150mg bid) (n = 270) or placebo (n = 270) for 7 weeks. All participants received written materials and health education counseling. Participants responded to survey items and provided blood samples for evaluation of phenotype and genotype of CYP2A6 and CYP2B6 enzymes involved in nicotine and bupropion metabolism. Primary outcome was cotinine-verified 7-day point prevalence smoking abstinence at Week 26 follow-up. Results: Of 2,628 individuals screened, 540 were eligible, consented, and randomized to treatment. Participants had a mean age of 46.5 years and 66.1% were women. Participants smoked an average of 8.0 cigarettes per day, had a mean exhaled carbon monoxide of 16.4ppm (range 1-55) and a mean serum cotinine of 275.8ng/ml. The mean Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence was 3.2, and 72.2% of participants smoked within 30 minutes of waking. The average number of quit attempts in the past year was 3.7 and 24.2% reported using pharmacotherapy in their most recent quit attempt. Motivation and confidence to quit were high. Conclusion: KIS-III is the first study designed to examine both nicotine and bupropion metabolism, evaluating CYP2A6 and CYP2B6 phenotype and genotype in conjunction with psychosocial factors, in the context of treatment of African American light smokers. Of 1629 smokers screened for study participation, only 18 (1.1%) were ineligible to participate in the study because they refused blood draws, demonstrating the feasibility of recruiting and enrolling African American light smokers into a clinical treatment trial involving biological data collection and genetic analyses. Future evaluation of individual factors associated with treatment outcome will contribute to advancing tailored tobacco use treatment with the goal of enhancing treatment and reducing health disparities for African American light smokers.
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页数:12
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