Fast and slow winds from supergiants and luminous blue variables
被引:35
作者:
Vink, Jorick S.
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Armagh Observ & Planetarium, Coll Hill, Armagh BT61 9DG, North Ireland
Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USAArmagh Observ & Planetarium, Coll Hill, Armagh BT61 9DG, North Ireland
Vink, Jorick S.
[1
,2
]
机构:
[1] Armagh Observ & Planetarium, Coll Hill, Armagh BT61 9DG, North Ireland
[2] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
We predict quantitative mass-loss rates and terminal wind velocities for early-type supergiants and luminous blue variables (LBVs) using a dynamical version of the Monte Carlo radiative transfer method. First, the observed drop in terminal wind velocity around spectral type B1 is confirmed by the Monte Carlo method at the correct effective temperature of about 21 000 K. This drop in wind velocity is much steeper than would be expected from the drop in escape speed for cooler stars. The results may be particularly relevant for slow winds inferred for some high-mass X-ray binaries. Second, the strength of the mass-loss bi-stability jump is found to be significantly greater than previously assumed. This could this make bi-stability braking more efficient in massive star evolution; in addition, a rotationally induced version of the bi-stability mechanism may now be capable of producing the correct density of outflowing disks around B[e] supergiants, although multi-dimensional modelling including the disk velocity structure is still needed. For LBVs we find that the bi-stability jump becomes larger at higher metallicities, but perhaps surprisingly also larger at lower Eddington parameters. This may have consequences for the role of LBVs in the evolution of massive stars at different metallicities and cosmic epochs. Finally, our predicted low wind velocities may be important for explaining the slow outflow speeds of supernova type IIb/IIn progenitors, for which the direct LBV-SN link was first introduced.
机构:
NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USANASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA
机构:
European Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, ChileEuropean Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, Chile
Martayan, Christophe
Lobel, Alex
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Royal Observ Belgium, 3 Ave Circulaire, B-1180 Brussels, BelgiumEuropean Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, Chile
Lobel, Alex
Baade, Dietrich
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European Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, GermanyEuropean Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, Chile
Baade, Dietrich
Mehner, Andrea
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European Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, ChileEuropean Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, Chile
Mehner, Andrea
Rivinius, Thomas
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European Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, ChileEuropean Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, Chile
Rivinius, Thomas
Boffin, Henri M. J.
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European Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, ChileEuropean Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, Chile
Boffin, Henri M. J.
Girard, Julien
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European Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, ChileEuropean Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, Chile
Girard, Julien
Mawet, Dimitri
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CALTECH, Dept Astron, 1200 E Calif Blvd,MC 249-17, Pasadena, CA 91125 USAEuropean Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, Chile
Mawet, Dimitri
Montagnier, Guillaume
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Observ Haute Provence, CNRS, OAMP, F-04870 St Michel, FranceEuropean Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, Chile
Montagnier, Guillaume
Blomme, Ronny
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Royal Observ Belgium, 3 Ave Circulaire, B-1180 Brussels, BelgiumEuropean Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, Chile
Blomme, Ronny
Kervella, Pierre
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Univ Paris Diderot, Observ Paris, LESIA, UMR 8109,PSL,CNRS,UPMC, 5 Pl Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France
Univ Chile, Unidad Mixta Int Franco Chilena Astron, Dept Astron, CNRS,UMI 3386, Camino Observ 1515, Santiago, ChileEuropean Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, Chile
Kervella, Pierre
Sana, Hugues
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Space Telescope Sci Inst, ESA, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USAEuropean Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, Chile
Sana, Hugues
Stefl, Stanislav
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ALMA, ESO, Alonso de Cordova 3107,Casilla 763 0355, Santiago, ChileEuropean Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, Chile
Stefl, Stanislav
Zorec, Juan
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机构:
Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, F-75014 Paris, France
CNRS, UMR 7095, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, FranceEuropean Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, Chile
Zorec, Juan
Lacour, Sylvestre
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Univ Paris Diderot, Observ Paris, LESIA, UMR 8109,PSL,CNRS,UPMC, 5 Pl Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, FranceEuropean Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, Chile
Lacour, Sylvestre
Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste
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UJF Grenoble 1, IPAG, UMR 5274, CNRS,INSU, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble 9, FranceEuropean Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, Chile
Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste
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Martins, Fabrice
Merand, Antoine
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European Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, ChileEuropean Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, Chile
Merand, Antoine
Patru, Fabien
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机构:
UJF Grenoble 1, IPAG, UMR 5274, CNRS,INSU, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble 9, FranceEuropean Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, Chile
Patru, Fabien
Selman, Fernando
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European Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, ChileEuropean Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, Chile
Selman, Fernando
Fremat, Yves
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Royal Observ Belgium, 3 Ave Circulaire, B-1180 Brussels, BelgiumEuropean Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107,19001 Casilla, Santiago, Chile