Turbulence in the presence of rotation: Scales, regimes, spectra, and structure functions

The turbulence in a completely closed form including the spectra for a passive scalar and the coefficient of its turbulent mixing, was analyzed. The kinetic energy dissipation rate was expressed in terms of buoyancy flux for convection. The flow turbulence level was determined by the Reynolds number, when the kinematic viscosity of the fluid became visible. The temperature was measured with the help of a sensitive thermocouple, situated at the medium level of the fluid. It was observed that the fluid was engaged in a rigid-body anticyclonic rotation, which could be attributed to the law of conservation of the angular momentum of the fluid. The formulas for the scales of different parameters in rotating fluids were also presented, which included the case of convection. The existence of the turbulent mixing scale offered an explanation to the constancy in time of the admixture diffusion coefficient for chaotic motions of the rotating fluid.