Implementation of generalized transmission-line equations to transmission line parameter extraction

It is usually ignored that the transmission line parameters extracted by conventional transmission line equations are variable with the internal impedance of excitation source and the loading of the line. To obtain the correct parameters, the match for both excitation and loading has to be applied. Problem is that exact matches for some extreme cases are not easy to realize. To solve this problem, in this paper, generalized transmission-line equations are implemented to the transmission-line parameter extraction with the cooperation of full-wave solver Zeland IE3D. The parameters extracted by the generalized transmission line equations are invariant to both excitation and loading. Except for this, the local radiation parameters generated from the transmission line discontinuities can also be found.