Evaluation of Bi-Lateral Co-Infections and Antibiotic Resistance Rates among COVID-19 Patients

被引:32
作者
Ahmed, Naveed [1 ]
Khan, Madiha [1 ]
Saleem, Waqas [1 ]
Karobari, Mohmed Isaqali [2 ,3 ]
Mohamed, Roshan Noor [4 ]
Heboyan, Artak [5 ]
Rabaan, Ali A. [6 ,7 ,8 ]
Mutair, Abbas Al [9 ]
Alhumaid, Saad [10 ]
Alsadiq, Salman A. [11 ]
Bueid, Ahmed S. [12 ]
Santali, Eman Y. [13 ]
Alestad, Jeehan H. [14 ]
机构
[1] Univ Cent Punjab, Fac Life Sci, Dept Microbiol, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
[2] Saveetha Inst Med & Tech Sci Univ, Saveetha Dent Coll & Hosp, Ctr Transdisciplinary Res CFTR, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
[3] Univ Puthisastra, Fac Dent, Dept Restorat Dent & Endodont, Phnom Penh 12211, Cambodia
[4] Taif Univ, Fac Dent, Dept Pediat Dent, POB 11099, At Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
[5] Yerevan State Med Univ, Fac Stomatol, Dept Prosthodont, Str Koryun 2, Yerevan 0025, Armenia
[6] Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Mol Diagnost Lab, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia
[7] Alfaisal Univ, Coll Med, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
[8] Univ Haripur, Dept Publ Hlth & Nutr, Haripur 22610, Pakistan
[9] Wollongong Univ, Sch Nursing, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
[10] Minist Hlth, Al Ahsa Hlth Cluster, Adm Pharmaceut Care, Al Hasa 31982, Saudi Arabia
[11] Ras Tanurah Hosp, Home Hlth Care Dept, Ras Tanurah 32817, Saudi Arabia
[12] King Faisal Gen Hosp, Microbiol Lab, Al Hasa 31982, Saudi Arabia
[13] Taif Univ, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, POB 11099, At Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
[14] Immunol & Infect Microbiol, Glasgow G1 1XQ, Lanark, Scotland
来源
ANTIBIOTICS-BASEL | 2022年 / 11卷 / 02期
关键词
COVID-19; antimicrobial resistance; antimicrobial stewardship; co-infections; hospital-acquired infections; SARS-CoV-2;
D O I
10.3390/antibiotics11020276
中图分类号
R51 [传染病];
学科分类号
100401 ;
摘要
In addition to the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2, bacterial co-infection plays an essential role in the incidence and progression of SARS-CoV-2 infections by increasing the severity of infection, as well as increasing disease symptoms, death rate and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The current study was conducted in a tertiary-care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan, among hospitalized COVID-19 patients to see the prevalence of bacterial co-infections and the AMR rates among different isolated bacteria. Clinical samples for the laboratory diagnosis were collected from 1165 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, of which 423 were found to be positive for various bacterial infections. Most of the isolated bacteria were Gram-negative rods (n = 366), followed by Gram-positive cocci (n = 57). A significant association (p < 0.05) was noted between the hospitalized COVID-19 patients and bacterial co-infections. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) showed high resistance against tetracycline (61.7%), Streptococcus pyogenes against penicillin (100%), E. coli against Amp-clavulanic acid (88.72%), Klebsiella pneumoniae against ampicillin (100%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa against ciprofloxacin (75.40%). Acinetobacter baumannii was 100% resistant to the majority of tested antibiotics. The prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was 14.7%. The topmost symptoms of >50% of COVID-19 patients were fever, fatigue, dyspnea and chest pain with a significant association (p < 0.05) in bacterial co-infected patients. The current study results showed a comparatively high prevalence of AMR, which may become a severe health-related issue in the future. Therefore, strict compliance of antibiotic usage and employment of antibiotic stewardship programs at every public or private institutional level are recommended.
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页数:12
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