Laboratory experiments investigating the biotransformation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) require unique analytical considerations due to the physicochemical properties of highly fluorinated molecules. Here, we review experiments performed using microbial systems, in vivo animal models or in vitro systems that search for novel transformation products. Researchers have made analytical decisions regarding volatility, polarity, purity and isomeric profiles of test compounds in the design of experiments, sampling procedures and analytical measurements. Identification of transformation products has been predominantly performed using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography- or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, F-19 nuclear magnetic resonance and ion chromatography. In this review we will discuss attempts to close the mass balance in these experiments, and how future experiments can improve the comprehensive understanding of PFAS biotransformation. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Univ Alberta, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Edmonton, AB, CanadaUniv Alberta, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Edmonton, AB, Canada
Benskin, Jonathan P.
Yeung, Leo W. Y.
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Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tokyo, JapanUniv Alberta, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Edmonton, AB, Canada
Yeung, Leo W. Y.
Yamashita, Nobuyoshi
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Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tokyo, JapanUniv Alberta, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Edmonton, AB, Canada
Yamashita, Nobuyoshi
Taniyasu, Sachi
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Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tokyo, JapanUniv Alberta, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Edmonton, AB, Canada
Taniyasu, Sachi
Lam, Paul K. S.
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City Univ Hong Kong, State Key Lab Marine Pollut, Dept Biol & Chem, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R ChinaUniv Alberta, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Edmonton, AB, Canada
Lam, Paul K. S.
Martin, Jonathan W.
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Univ Alberta, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Edmonton, AB, CanadaUniv Alberta, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Univ Alberta, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Edmonton, AB, CanadaUniv Alberta, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Edmonton, AB, Canada
Benskin, Jonathan P.
Yeung, Leo W. Y.
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Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tokyo, JapanUniv Alberta, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Edmonton, AB, Canada
Yeung, Leo W. Y.
Yamashita, Nobuyoshi
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机构:
Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tokyo, JapanUniv Alberta, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Edmonton, AB, Canada
Yamashita, Nobuyoshi
Taniyasu, Sachi
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机构:
Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tokyo, JapanUniv Alberta, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Edmonton, AB, Canada
Taniyasu, Sachi
Lam, Paul K. S.
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h-index: 0
机构:
City Univ Hong Kong, State Key Lab Marine Pollut, Dept Biol & Chem, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R ChinaUniv Alberta, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Edmonton, AB, Canada
Lam, Paul K. S.
Martin, Jonathan W.
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h-index: 0
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Univ Alberta, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Edmonton, AB, CanadaUniv Alberta, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Edmonton, AB, Canada